General Information

Region		Europe
Population (000, 2021)		106 712a
Pop. density (per km2, 2021)		62.7a
Surface area (km2)		1 702 418b
Sex ratio (m per 100 f)		97.7a,c

Economic indicators

	2010	2015	2021
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	4 293 790	4 761 422	4 923 042b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	2.3	3.6	1.7b
GDP per capita (current US$)	42 892.5	46 127.8	46 680.3b
Employment in agricultured (% of employed)	2.2	2.1	1.7e
Employment in industryd (% of employed)	19.8	19.3	18.5e
Employment in servicesd (% employed)	78	78.7	79.8e
Labour force participation rated (female/male pop. %)	56.3 / 68.1	57.1 / 67.8	57.9 / 67.6e
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	92	102	103b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	1 045 978	1 045 828	1 066 560e
International trade: imports (million current US$)	1 122 240	1 132 508	1 200 666e
International trade: balance (million current US$)	- 76 262	- 86 680	- 134 105e

Social indicators

	2010	2015	2021
Population growth ratec,f (average annual %)	0.8	0.6	0.5e
Urban population (% of total population)	80.1	81.4	82.4b
Urban population growth ratef (average annual %)	1.1	0.9	...
Fertility rate, totalc,f (live births per woman)	1.8	1.8	1.7e
Life expectancy at birthc,f (females/males, years)	81.6 / 76.6	82.6 / 78.3	83.1 / 78.9e
Population age distributionc (0-14/60+ years old, %)	17.4 / 22.6	17.5 / 23.6	17.5 / 25.1a
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	11 294.9 / 11.3	13 191.1 / 12.7	14 973.9 / 14.1e
Infant mortality ratec,f (per 1 000 live births)	4.4	3.7	3.3e
Intentional homicide rated (per 100 000 pop.)	1.4	1.2	1.3g
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	29.6	30.4	36.9h

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2010	2015	2021
Forested area (% of land area)	43.9	44.2	44.3g
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural %)	96.4 / 85.4	97.2 / 86.5	97.5 / 87.1e