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General Information

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2024
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	18 295 000	21 323 000	25 744 100^c
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	2.9	-2.2	1.9^c
GDP per capita (current US$)	56 360.3	63 472.3	76 100.7^c
Economy: Agriculture^e,f,g (% of Gross Value Added)	1	0.8	1.1^c
Economy: Industry^e,h (% of Gross Value Added)	18.9	17.4	18.3^c
Economy: Services and other activity^e,f,i (% of GVA)	80.1	81.9	80.7^c
Employment in agriculture^j (% of employed)	1.8	1.7	1.6^c
Employment in industry^j (% of employed)	19.6	19.4	19.3^c
Employment in services^j (% employed)	78.7	78.8	79.1^c
Unemployment (% of labour force)	5.3	8	3.9^j
Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %)	56.0 / 68.4	55.7 / 67.1	55.7 / 66.7^j
CPI: Consumer Price Index^k (2010=100)	109	119	140^l
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	97	103	101^c
International trade: exports (million current US$)	1 501 846	1 430 254	2 018 543^l
International trade: imports (million current US$)	2 313 425	2 405 382	3 168 471^l
International trade: balance (million current US$)	- 811 579	- 975 128	-1 149 929^l
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	- 408 447	- 597 145	- 818 822^l

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2024
Population growth rate^b (average annual %)	0.9	0.2	0.5^a
Urban population (% of total population)	81.7	82.5^d	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	0.9^m	...	...
Fertility rate, total^b (live births per woman)	1.8	1.6	1.6^a
Life expectancy at birth^b (females/males, years)	81.1 / 76.3	79.9 / 74.3	82.0 / 77.0^a
Population age distribution^b,n (0-14/60+ years old, %)	19.2 / 20.2	18.4 / 22.3	17.3 / 24.2^a
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	48 178.9 / 15.0	50 632.8 / 15.3	... / ...
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	491.7	1 274.0	2 584.6^l
Under five mortality rate^b (per 1000 live births)	6.9	6.2	5.9^a
Health: Current expenditure^o,q (% of GDP)	16.5^p	18.8	16.6^c
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	...	3.6	3.6^r
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)	4.9	5^d	...
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio^j (f/m per 100 pop.)	100.3 / 100.3	100.1 / 100.5	97.0 / 97.0^c
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio ^j (f/m per 100 pop.)	100.7 / 100.4	101.7 / 104.1	99.7 / 99.6^c
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio^j (f/m per 100 pop.)	95.6 / 93.9	97.1 / 99.0	97.6 / 93.1^c
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	4.9	6.4	6.4^c
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	19.4	23.4^s,t	29.1^t

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2024
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	74.6^u,v	96.6^j	97.1^j,c
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	2.8^p	3.5^w	3.5^w,x,r
Threatened species (number)	1 299	1 655	1 931^l
Forested area (% of land area)	33.9	33.9	33.9^r
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	5 016.5 / 15.5	4 295.8 / 12.8	4 596.8 / 13.6^r
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	84 553	90 415	92 799^r
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	282	254	266^r
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)	77 774^p	19 212	50 870^c
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	38.1	38.3	38.3^l
Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)	97.0 / ...	97.4 / ...	97.6 / ...^c
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %)	97.2 / ...	97.2 / ...	97.2 / ...^c
Net Official Development Assist. disbursed^y (% of GNI)	0.21	0.02	0.89^c

Footnotes

a		Projected estimate (medium fertility variant).
b		For statistical purposes, the data for United States of America do not include American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, and United States Virgin Islands.
c		2022
d		2019
e		Includes taxes less subsidies on production and imports.
f		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
g		Excludes irrigation canals and landscaping care.
h		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4. Excludes publishing activities. Includes irrigation canals.
i		Excludes repair of personal and household goods.
j		Estimate.
k		All urban consumers.
l		2023
m		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
n		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
o		Data are based on SHA2011.
p		Break in the time series.
q		Data based on calendar year (January 1 to December 31).
r		2021
s		Total refers to all voting members of the House of Representatives.
t		Data are as at 1 January of reporting year.
u		Users in the last 6 months.
v		Population aged 3 years and over.
w		Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendations.
x		Provisional data.
y		Development Assistance Committee member (OECD).