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General Information

Economic indicators

	2010	2015	2020
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	4 439	4 073	4 711^c
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	3.8	2.3	2.4^c
GDP per capita (current US$)	4 168.5	3 689.5	4 145.7^c
Economy: Agriculture^e (% of Gross Value Added)	10.4	9.8	9^c
Economy: Industry^e,f (% of Gross Value Added)	38.7	37.4	34.6^c
Economy: Services and other activity^e,g,h (% of GVA)	53.2	57.3	55.8^c
Employment in agricultureⁱ (% of employed)	15.2	13.5	12.3
Employment in industryⁱ (% of employed)	25.3	24.6	23.5
Employment in servicesⁱ (% employed)	59.5	61.8	64.2
Unemploymentⁱ (% of labour force)	26.9	23.5	22
Labour force participation rateⁱ (female/male pop. %)	45.5 / 57.4	47.0 / 56.4	48.6 / 56.9
CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)	100	135	163^c
Agricultural production index (2004-2006=100)	106	114	113^j
International trade: exports (million current US$)	1 557ⁱ	1 820	2 002^d
International trade: imports (million current US$)	1 710ⁱ	1 508	1 832^d
International trade: balance (million current US$)	-153ⁱ	312	169^d
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	-388	533	196^d

Social indicators

	2010	2015	2020
Population growth rate^k (average annual %)	0.7	0.7	1
Urban population (% of total population)	22.5	23.3	24^d
Urban population growth rate^k (average annual %)	2.1	2.6	...
Fertility rate, total^k (live births per woman)	3.6	3.1	3
Life expectancy at birth^k (females/males, years)	46.0 / 42.0	54.0 / 47.8	63.9 / 55.2
Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)	40.2 / 5.6	39.1 / 5.7	37.4 / 5.7
International migrant stock^l (000/% of total pop.)	32.6 / 3.1	32.4 / 2.9	32.3 / 2.8^d
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	0.8^m	0.9	1.8^d
Infant mortality rate^k (per 1 000 live births)	74.2	51.6	41.4
Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)	8.6	7.1	6.9^a
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	0.2ⁿ	0.1^o	0.3^j
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)	6.1	7.1^p	...
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	118.8 / 131.0	113.5 / 124.9	110.3 / 119.9^a
Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	63.7 / 67.3	76.0 / 76.0	82.2 / 82.6^j
Education: Tertiary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	4.6 / 5.3^q	6.6 / 7.0^r	... / ...
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	19.5	10.1	11.6^a
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	13.6	6.2	9.6^s

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2010	2015	2020
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	11	25.6ⁱ	47^t,u,a
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	...	0.3	...
Threatened species (number)	29	34	41
Forested areaⁱ (% of land area)	32.7	34.1	34.1^a
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	33	36	37^i,a
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	41	43	39^i,a
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)	868	873	782^c
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	30	30.6	30.6^d
Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)	83.0 / ...	88.2 / ...	88.7 / ...^a
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	2.16	2.28	2.57^c

Footnotes

a		2017
b		Mbabane is the administrative capital and Lobamba is the legislative capital.
c		2018
d		2019
e		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
f		Excludes publishing activities. Includes irrigation and canals.
g		Excludes repair of personal and household goods.
h		Excludes computer and related activities and radio/TV activities.
i		Estimate.
j		2016
k		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
l		Including refugees.
m		Data as at the end of December.
n		2009
o		2011
p		2014
q		2006
r		2013
s		Data are as at 1 January of reporting year.
t		At least once a month.
u		Population aged 18 years and over.