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General Information

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2025
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	177 885	252 034	350 776^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	3.2	-3.7	2.4^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	8 952.0	12 996.0	18 348.0^b
Economy: Agriculture^e,f (% of Gross Value Added)	5	4.5	4.2^b
Economy: Industry^e,g (% of Gross Value Added)	35.1	29.2	29.2^b
Economy: Services and other activity^e,h (% of GVA)	59.9	66.3	66.5^b
Employment in agricultureⁱ (% of employed)	25.6	20.5	17.9^b
Employment in industryⁱ (% of employed)	28.5	29.7	33.2^b
Employment in servicesⁱ (% employed)	46	49.8	48.9^b
Unemployment (% of labour force)	6.8	5	5.2ⁱ
Labour force participation rateⁱ (female/male pop. %)	42.7 / 60.8	42.8 / 62.0	41.7 / 61.7
CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)	114^j	127^k	177^k,d
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	96	87	89^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	60 605	71 046	100 371^d
International trade: imports (million current US$)	69 858	92 056	136 519^d
International trade: balance (million current US$)	- 9 253	- 21 010	- 36 148^d
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	- 1 134	- 12 883	- 31 988^d

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Population growth rate (average annual %)	-0.5	-0.6	-0.6^a
Urban population (% of total population)	53.9	54.1^c	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	-0.5^l	...	...
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman)	1.6	1.7	1.7^a
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years)	78.3 / 71.2	78.0 / 70.3	79.8 / 72.7^a
Population age distribution^m (0-14/60+ years old, %)	15.7 / 23.9	16.1 / 25.5	15.6 / 25.4^a
International migrant stockⁿ (000/% of total pop.)	212.6 / 1.1	338.7 / 1.7	655.6 / 3.4^d
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	2.9	4.3	167.7^d
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)	9.2	6.7	6.1^a
Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)	4.9	6.2^o	5.7^o,p
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	2.8	3.3	3.6^p
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratioⁱ (f/m per 100 pop.)	88.4 / 89.7	91.5 / 92.3	84.5 / 85.4^b
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio ⁱ (f/m per 100 pop.)	91.9 / 93.7	84.0 / 85.4	83.1 / 84.2^b
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratioⁱ (f/m per 100 pop.)	90.2 / 89.6	89.8 / 86.6	80.6 / 78.6^b
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	1.7	1.4	1.1^b
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	13.7	21.9^q	22.4^q

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Individuals using the Internet^r (per 100 inhabitants)	55.8	78.5	89.2^b
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	0.5	0.5	0.5^s
Threatened species (number)	85	140	181^d
Forested area (% of land area)	30	30.1	30.1^p
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	68.9 / 3.5	63.3 / 3.3	64.8 / 3.4^p
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	1 116	941	934^p
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	67	70	69^p
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)	9 331	5 023	12 697^p
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	74.1	74.3	76^d
Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)	95.0 / 66.7	95.0 / 66.7	95.0 / 66.7^p
Net Official Development Assist. disbursed (% of GNI)	0.07^t	...	0.16^b

Footnotes

a		Projected est. (medium fertility variant).
b		2023
c		2019
d		2024
e		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
f		Exc. irrigation canals and landscaping care.
g		Exc. publishing activities. Inc. irrigation canals.
h		Inc. publishing activities and landscape care. Exc. repair of personal and household goods.
i		Estimate.
j		Break in the time series.
k		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
l		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
m		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
n		Including refugees.
o		Beginning with 2016, the legislative norms in the insurance field changed in order to comply with Solvency II EU Directive. As a result, the data reported by health services and providers showed a increase in insurance benefits sum.
p		2022
q		Data at 1 January of the reporting year.
r		Population aged 16 to 74 years.
s		2021
t		2013