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General Information

Economic indicators

	2010	2015	2021
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	27 239	36 164	38 087^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	11.1	3.1	0.2^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	4 359.6	5 406.7	5 406.5^b
Economy: Agriculture^e (% of Gross Value Added)	14	10.2	11.2^b
Economy: Industry (% of Gross Value Added)	37.3	37.4	35.9^b
Economy: Services and other activity^f (% of GVA)	48.8	52.4	53^b
Employment in agriculture (% of employed)	25.6	19.7	19.9^g,d
Employment in industry (% of employed)	19.2	19.7	17.9^g,d
Employment in services (% employed)	55.2	60.6	62.1^g,d
Unemployment^g (% of labour force)	4.6	4.6	4.8^d
Labour force participation rate^g (female/male pop. %)	53.8 / 83.8	55.9 / 82.9	59.4 / 84.5^d
CPI: Consumer Price Index^h,i (2010=100)	100	125	146^d
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	81	99	102^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	6 517	8 328	8 181^g,d
International trade: imports (million current US$)	10 033	10 291	9 927^g,d
International trade: balance (million current US$)	- 3 517	- 1 964	- 1 746^g,d
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	49	-145	738^d

Social indicators

	2010	2015	2021
Population growth rate^j (average annual %)	1.4	1.4	1.3^d
Urban population (% of total population)	59.3	60.8	61.9^b
Urban population growth rate^j (average annual %)	1.9	1.8	...
Fertility rate, total^j (live births per woman)	2.9	2.6	2.4^d
Life expectancy at birth^j (females/males, years)	74.2 / 70.2	75.2 / 71.3	76.2 / 72.1^d
Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)	32.9 / 7.8	30.4 / 8.8	28.6 / 10.1^a
International migrant stock^k (000/% of total pop.)	160.3 / 2.6	156.5 / 2.3	169.6 / 2.4^d
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	0.1^l	0.2	5.9^d
Infant mortality rate^j (per 1 000 live births)	24.1	20.8	19^d
Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)	4.6	6.7^m	6.7ⁿ
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	...	1.3^o	1.4ⁿ
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)	2.8	3.7^o	3.4^p
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	100.9 / 104.3	103.0 / 105.7^o	... / ...
Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	69.8 / 65.7	78.6 / 73.3^o	... / ...
Education: Upper secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	58.7 / 53.9	71.8 / 64.9^o	72.4 / 65.8^p
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	11.9	9.2	7.1ⁿ
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	12.5	15	15^q

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2010	2015	2021
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	19.8^r,s	49.7	68.5^b
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	~0.0^t	0.1^u	0.1^u,n
Threatened species (number)	48	58	71
Forested area^g (% of land area)	49.3	44	41.9ⁿ
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	4.8 / 0.8	6.0 / 0.9	8.1 / 1.2ⁿ
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	352	350	346ⁿ
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	41	42	44ⁿ
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders^v (000)	465	1 215	1 216^b
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	36.2	36.3	36.3^d
Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)	70.3 / 40.8	71.6 / 47.7	72.2 / 50.7^d
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural %)	51.8 / 54.1	52.8 / 62.6	53.7 / 70.7^d
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	0.43	0.17	0.35^b

Footnotes

a		Projected estimate (medium fertility variant).
b		2019
c		Refers to the district of Asunción and the 19 districts of Central Department.
d		2020
e		Excludes irrigation canals and landscaping care.
f		Excludes repair of personal and household goods.
g		Estimate.
h		For Greater Asuncion only.
i		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
j		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
k		Including refugees.
l		Data as at the end of December.
m		Data revision.
n		2018
o		2012
p		2016
q		Data are as at 1 January of reporting year.
r		Users in the last 3 months.
s		Population aged 10 years and over.
t		2008
u		Excluding business enterprise.
v		Excluding nationals residing abroad and crew members.