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General Information

Region		Caribbean
Population (000, 2021)		2 828^a
Pop. density (per km2, 2021)		318.9^a
Capital city		San Juan
Capital city pop. (000, 2021)		2 451.4^c,b
Surface area (km2)		8 868^b
Sex ratio (m per 100 f)		89.9^a
National currency		US Dollar (USD)

Economic indicators

	2010	2015	2021
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	98 381	103 376	104 989^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	-0.4	-1	1.2^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	27 482.0	30 570.7	35 790.7^b
Economy: Agriculture^d (% of Gross Value Added)	0.8	0.8	0.7^b
Economy: Industry^d (% of Gross Value Added)	50.7	51.1	50.7^b
Economy: Services and other activity^d (% of GVA)	48.4	48	48.6^b
Employment in agriculture^e (% of employed)	1.4	1.2	1^f
Employment in industry^e (% of employed)	17.4	16.3	15.5^f
Employment in services^e (% employed)	81.3	82.5	83.5^f
Unemployment^e (% of labour force)	16.1	12	8.4^f
Labour force participation rate^e (female/male pop. %)	35.5 / 54.9	32.5 / 50.1	30.9 / 46.9^f
CPI: Consumer Price Index^g (2010=100)	100	105	107^h
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	116	99	94^b

Social indicators

	2010	2015	2021
Population growth rateⁱ (average annual %)	-0.3	-1.1	-3.3^f
Urban population (% of total population)	93.8	93.6	93.6^b
Urban population growth rateⁱ (average annual %)	-0.3	-0.3	...
Fertility rate, totalⁱ (live births per woman)	1.7	1.5	1.2^f
Life expectancy at birthⁱ (females/males, years)	81.8 / 74.0	82.7 / 75.4	83.3 / 76.2^f
Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)	20.6 / 18.3	18.6 / 21.3	14.9 / 28.2^a
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	305.0 / 8.5	280.5 / 8.3	247.1 / 8.6^f
Infant mortality rateⁱ (per 1 000 live births)	7.2	6.4	5.5^f
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)	...	6.1^j	...
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	99.3 / 95.7	91.6 / 90.2^k	... / ...
Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	88.3 / 83.6	89.8 / 83.5^k	... / ...
Education: Upper secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	81.1 / 75.0	83.8 / 76.2^k	... / ...
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	28.8	18.2	21.1^l

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2010	2015	2021
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	45.3^m	63.5	77.7^b
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	0.5ⁿ	0.4	...
Threatened species (number)	103	127	159
Forested area^e (% of land area)	55.4	55.7	55.8^l
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	0	1	1^e,l
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	8	16	17^e,l
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders^o,p (000)	3 186	3 542	3 068^l
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	32.3	32.3	32.3^f

Footnotes

a		Projected estimate (medium fertility variant).
b		2019
c		Refers to the Metropolitan Statistical Area.
d		At producers' prices.
e		Estimate.
f		2020
g		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
h		2017
i		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
j		2014
k		2013
l		2018
m		Population aged 12 years and over.
n		2009
o		Data refer to fiscal years beginning 1 July.
p		Arrivals of non-resident tourists by air.