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General Information

Region		Polynesia
Population (000, 2025)		2^a,b
Pop. density (per km2, 2025)		7^a,b
Capital city		Alofi
Capital city pop. (000, 2025)		0.7^d
Surface area (km2)		260^c
Sex ratio (m per 100 f)		92.4^a,b
National currency		New Zealand Dollar (NZD)
Exchange rate (per US$)		1.8^e

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	98	101	101^c

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Population growth rate^b (average annual %)	0.4	0.6	-0.2^a
Urban population (% of total population)	42.6	45.5^f	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	1.9^g	...	...
Fertility rate, total^b (live births per woman)	2.9	2.6	2.5^a
Life expectancy at birth^b (females/males, years)	71.6 / 65.9	72.3 / 66.8	73.0 / 67.6^a
Population age distribution^b,h (0-14/60+ years old, %)	26.1 / 19.1	24.7 / 21.7	22.3 / 23.0^a
International migrant stockⁱ (000/% of total pop.)	0.6 / 33.1	0.6 / 32.7	0.6 / 32.3^e
Under five mortality rate^b (per 1000 live births)	31	26.5	23^a
Health: Current expenditure^j,k,l (% of GDP)	8.6	9.1	18.3^m
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	98.1 / 116.5	102.0 / 111.0	124.1 / 98.8^c
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	107.4 / 90.2	74.6 / 90.2	77.9 / 77.8^c
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	76.2 / 83.8	151.1 / 167.6	112.2 / 140.0^c

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	79.6^n,o	...	...
Threatened species (number)	50	56	138^e
Forested area (% of land area)	72.4	72.6	72.7^m
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	~0.0 / 3.5	~0.0 / 3.6ⁿ	~0.0 / 3.7^n,m
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	0	0ⁿ	0^n,m
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	49	51ⁿ	52^n,m
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders^p (000)	8	1	~0^q
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	95.3	95.3	95.3^e

Footnotes

a		Projected est. (medium fertility variant).
b		For statistical purposes, the data for New Zealand do not include this area.
c		2023
d		2018
e		2024
f		2019
g		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
h		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
i		For statistical purposes, the foreign-born population includes persons born in New Zealand, Cook Islands, and Tokelau.
j		Indicators are sensitive to external funds flowing in to the country.
k		Data refer to fiscal years beginning 1 July.
l		General government expenditure (GGE) can be larger than the Gross domestic product (GDP) because government accounts for a very large part of domestic consumption and because a large part of domestic consumption in the country is accounted for by imports.
m		2022
n		Estimate.
o		2011
p		Including Niueans residing usually in New Zealand.
q		2021