UNData app

General Information

Region		Western Europe
Population (000, 2024)		18 229^a,b
Pop. density (per km2, 2024)		541.4^a,b
Capital city		Amsterdam^d
Capital city pop. (000, 2024)		1 140.3^e
UN membership date		10 December 1945
Surface area (km2)		41 543^c
Sex ratio (m per 100 f)		98.7^a,b
National currency		Euro (EUR)
Exchange rate (per US$)		0.9^f

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2024
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	765 265	909 793	1 008 027^c
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	2	-3.9	4.3^c
GDP per capita (current US$)	44 907.0	52 183.3	57 391.6^c
Economy: Agriculture^g,h (% of Gross Value Added)	1.9	1.8	1.7^c
Economy: Industry^h,i (% of Gross Value Added)	20.2	20	21.7^c
Economy: Services and other activity^h,j (% of GVA)	77.9	78.2	76.6^c
Employment in agriculture^k (% of employed)	2.3	2.1	1.9^c
Employment in industry^k (% of employed)	16.4	16	14^c
Employment in services^k (% employed)	81.2	82	84.1^c
Unemployment (% of labour force)	6.9	3.8	3.5^k
Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %)	58.8 / 70.1	59.9 / 69.3	61.3 / 70.6^k
CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)	109	117	138^f
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	101	102	101^c
International trade: exports (million current US$)	464 697	551 353	741 804^f
International trade: imports (million current US$)	412 644	484 089	664 131^f
International trade: balance (million current US$)	52 053	67 264	77 673^f
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	40 162	46 849	112 952^f

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2024
Population growth rate^b (average annual %)	0.5	0.4	0.7^a
Urban population (% of total population)	90.2	91.9^e	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	1^l	...	...
Fertility rate, total^b (live births per woman)	1.7	1.5	1.4^a
Life expectancy at birth^b (females/males, years)	83.1 / 79.7	83.1 / 79.7	83.9 / 80.7^a
Population age distribution^b,m (0-14/60+ years old, %)	16.6 / 23.9	15.6 / 25.8	15.0 / 27.3^a
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	1 996.3 / 11.8	2 358.3 / 13.8	... / ...
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	92.5	108	259.4^f
Under five mortality rate^b (per 1000 live births)	3.8	4.3	3.6^a
Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)	10.3	11.2	11.3ⁿ
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	3.5	3.8	3.9ⁿ
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)	5.3	5.2^e	...
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio^k (f/m per 100 pop.)	105.6 / 106.5	104.0 / 104.6	104.1 / 104.7ⁿ
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio ^k (f/m per 100 pop.)	97.8 / 58.9	97.6 / 72.7	96.1 / 70.0^n,c
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio^k (f/m per 100 pop.)	138.0 / 129.4	138.6 / 129.8	140.3 / 131.3ⁿ
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	0.6	0.7	0.8^c
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	37.3	33.3^o	38.7^o

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2024
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	91.7	91.3^p,q	92.5^p,q,c
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	2.1	2.3	2.3ⁿ
Threatened species (number)	29	71	61^f
Forested area (% of land area)	10.8	11	11ⁿ
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	151.7 / 8.9	127.1 / 7.3	132.7 / 7.6ⁿ
Energy production, primary^r (Petajoules)	2 016	1 138	1 097ⁿ
Energy supply per capita^r (Gigajoules)	176	166	169ⁿ
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)	15 007	7 265	16 063^c
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	76.3	79.7	79.7^f
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %)	97.5 / 97.5	97.5 / 97.5	97.5 / 97.5^c
Net Official Development Assist. disbursed^s (% of GNI)	8.91	1.46	0.66^c

Footnotes

a		Projected estimate (medium fertility variant).
b		For statistical purposes, the data for Netherlands do not include Aruba, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, Curaçao, and Sint Maarten (Dutch part).
c		2022
d		Amsterdam is the capital and The Hague is the seat of government.
e		2019
f		2023
g		Excludes irrigation canals and landscaping care.
h		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
i		Excludes publishing activities. Includes irrigation canals.
j		Includes publishing activities and landscape care. Excludes repair of personal and household goods.
k		Estimate.
l		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
m		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
n		2021
o		Data are as at 1 January of reporting year.
p		Population aged 12 years and over.
q		Users in the last 3 months.
r		Data exclude Suriname and the Netherlands Antilles (former)
s		Development Assistance Committee member (OECD).