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General Information

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2024
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	301 355	337 339	406 306^c
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	5.1	-5.5	8.7^c
GDP per capita (current US$)	9 699.6	10 160.8	11 971.9^c
Economy: Agriculture^h,i,j (% of Gross Value Added)	8.4	8.3	9^c
Economy: Industry^h,i,k (% of Gross Value Added)	38.9	36.4	39.6^c
Economy: Services and other activity^h,i,l (% of GVA)	52.7	55.4	51.4^c
Employment in agriculture^m (% of employed)	12.5	10.5	10^c
Employment in industry^m (% of employed)	27.5	27.8	28.1^c
Employment in services^m (% employed)	60	61.7	61.9^c
Unemployment (% of labour force)	3.1	4.5	3.6^m
Labour force participation rate^m (female/male pop. %)	50.7 / 78.1	51.7 / 78.3	51.5 / 77.7
CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)	113	120	130^g
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	103	102	98^c
International trade: exports (million current US$)	200 211	234 050	312 605^g
International trade: imports (million current US$)	176 175	190 405	265 638^g
International trade: balance (million current US$)	24 036	43 646	46 968^g
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	9 068	14 138	12 271^c

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2024
Population growth rate^a (average annual %)	1.7	1.1	1.2^b
Urban population^a (% of total population)	74.2	76.6^f	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	2.7^a,n	...	...
Fertility rate, total^a (live births per woman)	2	1.7	1.5^b
Life expectancy at birth^a (females/males, years)	78.0 / 72.9	78.8 / 73.7	79.5 / 74.4^b
Population age distribution^a,o (0-14/60+ years old, %)	25.8 / 9.0	24.0 / 10.3	21.8 / 11.6^b
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	3 280.7 / 10.8^a,p,q	3 476.6 / 10.7^a,p,q	... / ...
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	272	188.1	245.2^g
Under five mortality rate^a (per 1000 live births)	8.1	8	6.2^b
Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)	3.8^r	4.1	4.4^s
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	1.5	2.2	2.3^s
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)	4.9	3.9	4.3^s
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	98.9 / 98.7	102.8 / 101.0	97.6 / 97.9^c
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	89.0 / 85.0	85.2 / 83.9	92.1 / 91.3^c
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	87.7 / 77.0	77.2 / 68.6	81.9 / 73.9^c
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	1.6	0.8	0.7^s
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	10.4	14.4^t	13.5^t

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2024
Individuals using the Internet^u (per 100 inhabitants)	71.1	89.6	97.4^c
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	1.3	1	...
Threatened species (number)	1 252	1 662	2 210^g
Forested area (% of land area)	59.2	58.2	58^s
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	214.0 / 6.9	227.3 / 6.8	241.0 / 7.2^s
Energy production, primary^v (Petajoules)	3 749	3 760	3 904^s
Energy supply per capita^v (Gigajoules)	110	114	119^s
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders^w (000)	25 721	4 333	10 071^c
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	37	37	37^g
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	0	0	0^s

Footnotes

a		Including Sabah and Sarawak.
b		Projected estimate (medium fertility variant).
c		2022
d		Kuala Lumpur is the capital and Putrajaya is the administrative capital.
e		Refers to the Greater Kuala Lumpur.
f		2019
g		2023
h		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
i		At producers' prices.
j		Excludes irrigation canals and landscaping care.
k		Excludes publishing activities. Includes irrigation canals.
l		Excludes repair of personal and household goods.
m		Estimate.
n		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
o		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
p		Refers to foreign citizens.
q		Including refugees.
r		Provisional data.
s		2021
t		Data are as at 1 January of reporting year.
u		Population aged 15 years and over.
v		Data comprises of Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah and Sarawak.
w		Including Singapore residents crossing the frontier by road through Johore Causeway.