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General Information

Economic indicators

	2010	2015	2021
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	2 588	4 109	5 642^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	7.3	2.9	7^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	7 076.7	9 033.4	10 626.5^b
Economy: Agriculture^e (% of Gross Value Added)	6.1	6.3	6^b
Economy: Industry^f,g (% of Gross Value Added)	10.2	12.1	13.5^b
Economy: Services and other activity^h (% of GVA)	83.8	81.7	80.5^b
Employment in agricultureⁱ (% of employed)	12.8	9.8	8.2^d
Employment in industryⁱ (% of employed)	20.9	19.1	18.3^d
Employment in servicesⁱ (% employed)	66.4	71.2	73.4^d
Unemploymentⁱ (% of labour force)	4.1	5.7	6.4^d
Labour force participation rateⁱ (female/male pop. %)	44.1 / 77.1	45.0 / 82.4	41.6 / 85.2^d
CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)	100ⁱ	132ⁱ	135^j,d
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	114	100	105^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	74	144	149^i,d
International trade: imports (million current US$)	1 095	1 897	1 809^i,d
International trade: balance (million current US$)	- 1 021	- 1 753	- 1 661^i,d
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	-196	-302	- 1 119^d

Social indicators

	2010	2015	2021
Population growth rate^k (average annual %)	2.7	4.4	3.4^d
Urban population (% of total population)	36.4	38.5	40.2^b
Urban population growth rate^k (average annual %)	4.2	3.9	...
Fertility rate, total^k (live births per woman)	2.3	2.1	1.9^d
Life expectancy at birth^k (females/males, years)	76.2 / 73.7	78.4 / 75.5	80.4 / 77.1^d
Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)	25.3 / 6.2	21.2 / 5.8	19.8 / 6.1^a
International migrant stock^l (000/% of total pop.)	54.7 / 14.9	64.3 / 14.1	70.1 / 13.0^d
Infant mortality rate^k (per 1 000 live births)	14.8	9	6.8^d
Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)	8.5^m,n	8.7	9.4^c
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	1.4	1.8^o	1.7^c
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)	3.6	3.9	3.7^p
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	108.6 / 112.7^q	100.0 / 103.0	99.3 / 96.9^b
Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	... / ...	... / ...	78.4 / 84.3^b
Education: Upper secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	... / ...	... / ...	43.5 / 34.5^b
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	1.6	0.7^r	...
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	6.5	5.9	4.6^s

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2010	2015	2021
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	26.5^t	54.5ⁱ	63.2^i,u
Threatened species (number)	59	69	88
Forested area (% of land area)	2.7	2.7	2.7^c
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	0	0	0^c
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	37	41	48^c
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders^v (000)	792	1 234	1 703^b
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	0	0	0^d
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	3.88	0.64	1.37^b

Footnotes

a		Projected estimate (medium fertility variant).
b		2019
c		2018
d		2020
e		Excludes irrigation canals and landscaping care.
f		Includes irrigation canals.
g		Excludes publishing activities.
h		Excludes repair of personal and household goods.
i		Estimate.
j		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
k		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
l		Refers to foreign citizens.
m		Data revision.
n		Break in the time series.
o		2014
p		2016
q		2009
r		2013
s		Data are as at 1 January of reporting year.
t		Population aged 15 years and over.
u		2017
v		Arrivals by air.