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General Information

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2024
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	12 007	11 401	12 898^d
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	3.7	-14.6	8.7^d
GDP per capita (current US$)	9 285.3	8 784.7	9 925.8^d
Economy: Agriculture^g,h (% of Gross Value Added)	3.5	3.6	3.9^d
Economy: Industry^g,i (% of Gross Value Added)	21.9	19	21^d
Economy: Services and other activity^g,j (% of GVA)	74.6	77.5	75.1^d
Employment in agriculture^k (% of employed)	7.5	5.3	5.1^d
Employment in industry^k (% of employed)	25.3	23.4	21.5^d
Employment in services^k (% employed)	67.1	71.3	73.4^d
Unemployment (% of labour force)	7.4	8.6	4.2^k
Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %)	45.8 / 73.9	42.6 / 68.1^k	43.0 / 68.0^k
CPI: Consumer Price Index^l (2010=100)	120	133	164^f
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	100	80	84^d
International trade: exports (million current US$)	2 481	1 544	1 854^f
International trade: imports (million current US$)	4 458	4 224	6 282^f
International trade: balance (million current US$)	- 1 977	- 2 680	- 4 427^f
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	-417	- 1 003	-654^f

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2024
Population growth rate^b (average annual %)	-~0.0	-0.2	-0.2^a
Urban population^b (% of total population)	41	40.8^m	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	-0.1^b,n	...	...
Fertility rate, total^b (live births per woman)	1.3	1.4	1.2^a
Life expectancy at birth^b (females/males, years)	77.9 / 71.6	78.4 / 71.3	78.3 / 72.1^a
Population age distribution^b,o (0-14/60+ years old, %)	18.9 / 14.0	16.4 / 17.2	14.8 / 19.9^a
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	28.6 / 2.3^b,p	28.9 / 2.3^b,p	... / ...
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	...	~0.0	~0.0^f
Under five mortality rate^b (per 1000 live births)	14.2	15.8	13.4^a
Health: Current expenditure^q (% of GDP)	5.6	6.5	6.4^r
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	2	2.7	1.2^d
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)	4.8	4.4	4.7^r
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio^k (f/m per 100 pop.)	101.4 / 100.7	98.7 / 97.3	104.1 / 101.7^r
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio ^k (f/m per 100 pop.)	108.3 / 111.7	110.5 / 114.3	109.8 / 116.2^r
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	88.3 / 78.4^k	83.1 / 75.0^k	... / ...
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	1.6	2.7	2.2^d
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	11.6	20^s	20^s

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2024
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	50.1	67.7^t	75.5^t,d
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	0.2^u,v,w	0.4	0.3^d
Threatened species (number)	249	272	294^f
Forested area (% of land area)	19.2	19.4	19.4^r
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	4.3 / 3.3	3.9 / 3.0	4.1 / 3.1^r
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	12	8	8^r
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	52	44	45^r
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)	1 151	309	997^d
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	9.6	9.6	9.6^f
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	0.62	2.81	2.29^r

Footnotes

a		Projected estimate (medium fertility variant).
b		Including Agalega, Rodrigues and Saint Brandon.
c		Excluding the islands of Saint Brandon and Agalega.
d		2022
e		2018
f		2023
g		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
h		Excludes irrigation canals and landscaping care.
i		Excludes publishing activities. Includes irrigation canals.
j		Includes publishing activities and landscape care. Excludes repair of personal and household goods.
k		Estimate.
l		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
m		2019
n		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
o		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
p		Refers to foreign citizens.
q		Data based on calendar year (January 1 to December 31).
r		2021
s		Data are as at 1 January of reporting year.
t		Population aged 5 years and over.
u		Excluding business enterprise.
v		Break in the time series.
w		2012