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General Information

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2024
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	114 585	105 949	175 363^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	0.6	-8.9	8.9^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	29 314.9	24 297.7	41 079.5^b
Economy: Agriculture (% of Gross Value Added)	0.5	0.4	0.4^b
Economy: Industry (% of Gross Value Added)	48.7	39.5	46.3^b
Economy: Services and other activity (% of GVA)	50.9	60.1	53.3^b
Employment in agriculture^f (% of employed)	2.2	2	1.9^b
Employment in industry^f (% of employed)	24.9	24.9	25.2^b
Employment in services^f (% employed)	72.9	73.1	72.9^b
Unemployment (% of labour force)	2.2	3.5^f	2.1^f
Labour force participation rate^f (female/male pop. %)	49.6 / 87.3	46.1 / 83.2	47.5 / 85.8
CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)	118^f	129^f	144^g,e
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	95	106	131^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	54 121	40 166	82 668^f,e
International trade: imports (million current US$)	30 957	28 344	42 280^f,e
International trade: balance (million current US$)	23 164	11 822	40 388^f,e
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	8 584	22 030	51 396^e

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2024
Population growth rate (average annual %)	4.7	-2.9	2^a
Urban population (% of total population)	100	100^d	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	5.4ⁱ	...	...
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman)	2	2.1	1.5^a
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years)	80.7 / 78.1	79.9 / 77.3	82.0 / 79.4^a
Population age distribution^j (0-14/60+ years old, %)	21.8 / 4.6	20.6 / 7.5	18.2 / 5.9^a
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	2 866.1 / 74.7^k,l	3 110.2 / 72.8^k,l	... / ...
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	94.6	93.8	93.7^e
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)	9.4	8.7	7.6^a
Health: Current expenditure^f,m,n (% of GDP)	4.2	6.3	5.8^o
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	2.6	2.3	...
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	105.0 / 99.2	... / ...	... / ...
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	100.7 / 97.6^p	... / ...	... / ...
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	98.6 / 82.5^p	... / ...	... / ...
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	1.8^p	0.3	...
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	1.5	6.4^q	3.1^q

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2024
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	82^f	99.1^r	99.7^r,e
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	0.1^s,t,u,v	0.2^w	0.1^w,b
Threatened species (number)	42	57	76^e
Forested area (% of land area)	0.4^f	0.4^f	0.4^o
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	82.4 / 21.1	85.4 / 19.6	85.5 / 20.1^o
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	7 014	6 353	6 218^o
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	364	350	356^o
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders^x (000)	182	86	85^o
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	42.1	51.6	51.6^e
Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)	100.0 / ...	100.0 / ...	100.0 / ...^b
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %)	100.0 / ...	100.0 / ...	100.0 / ...^b
Net Official Development Assist. disbursed (% of GNI)	...	...	0.11^b

Footnotes

a		Projected estimate (medium fertility variant).
b		2022
c		Data refers to the Governorates of Capital, Hawalli, Al-Farwaniya and Mubarak Al-Kabeer.
d		2019
e		2023
f		Estimate.
g		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
h		Areas not elsewhere specified.
i		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
j		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
k		Refers to foreign citizens.
l		Including refugees.
m		Estimates should be viewed with caution as these are derived from scarce data.
n		Data refer to fiscal years beginning 1 April.
o		2021
p		2012
q		Data are as at 1 January of reporting year.
r		Population aged 5 to 74 years.
s		Partial data.
t		Excluding private non-profit.
u		Break in the time series.
v		Excluding business enterprise.
w		Government only.
x		Non-resident tourists staying in hotels and similar establishments.