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General Information

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2024
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	302 724	411 731	525 002^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	2.3	-1.5	6.5^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	37 803.8	47 014.7	58 086.4^b
Economy: Agriculture^g,h (% of Gross Value Added)	1.6	1.4	1.3^b
Economy: Industry^g,i (% of Gross Value Added)	22.1	19.9	19.7^b
Economy: Services and other activity^g,j (% of GVA)	76.3	78.7	79^b
Employment in agriculture^k (% of employed)	1	0.9	0.8^b
Employment in industry^k (% of employed)	17.6	15.8	15.7^b
Employment in services^k (% employed)	81.4	83.3	83.5^b
Unemployment (% of labour force)	5.2	4.2	3.8^k
Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %)	60.1 / 71.2	59.4 / 67.5	61.1 / 69.1^k
CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)	107	107	119^f
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	99	102	106^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	64 062	50 153	59 916^f
International trade: imports (million current US$)	62 068	69 261	83 163^f
International trade: balance (million current US$)	1 994	- 19 107	- 23 247^f
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	16 138	19 806	25 089^f

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2024
Population growth rate (average annual %)	2	1.6	1.4^a
Urban population (% of total population)	92.2	92.5^e	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	1.7^m	...	...
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman)	3.1	2.9	2.8^a
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years)	84.2 / 80.2	84.7 / 80.6	84.7 / 80.7^a
Population age distributionⁿ (0-14/60+ years old, %)	28.2 / 15.4	28.0 / 16.1	27.4 / 16.5^a
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	2 011.7 / 25.2^o	1 953.6 / 22.6^o	... / ...
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	45.2	56.5	68.4^f
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)	3.8	2.8	3.7^a
Health: Current expenditure^p,q (% of GDP)	7	7.7	7.9^r
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	3.5	3.6	3.7^b
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)	5.8	6.1^e	...
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio^k (f/m per 100 pop.)	97.9 / 97.6	96.7 / 96.1	96.5 / 96.0^r
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio ^k (f/m per 100 pop.)	97.0 / 97.2	96.6 / 95.9	96.6 / 96.2^r
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio^k (f/m per 100 pop.)	96.0 / 95.1	96.7 / 95.4	98.2 / 96.8^r
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	1.4	1.7	1.6^b
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	22.5	23.3^s	25^s

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2024
Individuals using the Internet^t (per 100 inhabitants)	77.4	90.1	92.1^k,b
Research & Development expenditure^u (% of GDP)	4.2	5.7	5.6^k,r
Threatened species (number)	152	207	253^f
Forested area (% of land area)	7.6	6.5	6.5^r
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	62.7 / 7.8	59.0 / 6.7	58.7 / 6.6^r
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	273	577	716^r
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	114	108	107^r
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders^v (000)	2 799	831	2 675^b
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	16.4	17.1	17.1^f
Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)	99.6 / 99.4	99.5 / 99.4	99.5 / 99.4^b
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %)	91.2 / 89.1	94.9 / 92.4	96.4 / 93.8^b
Net Official Development Assist. disbursed (% of GNI)	0.07^w	...	0.09^b

Footnotes

a		Projected estimate (medium fertility variant).
b		2022
c		Designation and data provided by Israel. The position of the UN on Jerusalem is stated in A/RES/181 (II) and subsequent General Assembly and Security Council resolutions.
d		Including East Jerusalem.
e		2019
f		2023
g		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
h		Excludes irrigation canals and landscaping care.
i		Excludes publishing activities. Includes irrigation canals.
j		Includes publishing activities and landscape care. Excludes repair of personal and household goods.
k		Estimate.
l		Areas not elsewhere specified.
m		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
n		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
o		Including refugees.
p		Data based on calendar year (January 1 to December 31).
q		Data are based on SHA2011.
r		2021
s		Data are as at 1 January of reporting year.
t		Population aged 20 years and over.
u		Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendations.
v		Excluding nationals residing abroad.
w		2014