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General Information

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2025
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	3 423 568	3 940 143	4 525 704^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	1.7	-4.1	-0.3^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	41 711.0	47 115.0	53 528.0^b
Economy: Agriculture^e,f (% of Gross Value Added)	0.8	0.8	0.9^b
Economy: Industry^e,g (% of Gross Value Added)	29.1	28.2	29.4^b
Economy: Services and other activity^e,h (% of GVA)	70.1	70.9	69.7^b
Employment in agricultureⁱ (% of employed)	1.4	1.2	1.2^b
Employment in industryⁱ (% of employed)	27.7	27.4	26.5^b
Employment in servicesⁱ (% employed)	70.9	71.4	72.3^b
Unemployment (% of labour force)	4.6	3.9	3.4ⁱ
Labour force participation rateⁱ (female/male pop. %)	54.4 / 66.3	55.1 / 66.0	55.3 / 66.0
CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)	107	106^j	119^k,d
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	99	95	93^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	1 328 500	1 385 852	1 691 415^d
International trade: imports (million current US$)	1 057 536	1 173 167	1 433 340^d
International trade: balance (million current US$)	270 964	212 685	258 074^d
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	277 321	250 193	267 056^d

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Population growth rate (average annual %)	1.2	-~0.0	-0.8^a
Urban population (% of total population)	77.2	77.4^c	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	0.3^l	...	...
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman)	1.5	1.5	1.5^a
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years)	83.0 / 78.1	83.4 / 78.6	84.0 / 79.4^a
Population age distribution^m (0-14/60+ years old, %)	13.2 / 27.4	13.8 / 28.7	13.9 / 31.7^a
International migrant stockⁿ (000/% of total pop.)	12 646.8 / 15.4	15 021.3 / 18.0	16 750.1 / 19.8^d
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	573.8	1 421.9	3 038.6^d
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)	3.9	3.6	3.3^a
Health: Current expenditure^o (% of GDP)	11.2	12.7	11.8^b
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	4.1	4.4	4.5^p
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratioⁱ (f/m per 100 pop.)	102.4 / 102.9	101.9 / 102.1	99.6 / 99.0^b
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio ⁱ (f/m per 100 pop.)	100.0 / 102.1	99.3 / 101.4	99.0 / 100.0^b
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratioⁱ (f/m per 100 pop.)	98.4 / 109.8	95.1 / 110.4	91.3 / 104.6^b
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	0.8	0.9	0.9^b
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	36.5	31.2^q	35.7^q

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	87.6^r	89.8^s	93.5^r,d
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	2.9	3.1ⁱ	3.1^t
Threatened species (number)	107	200	281^d
Forested area (% of land area)	32.7	32.7	32.7^p
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	721.4 / 8.8	580.8 / 6.9	595.9 / 7.1^p
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	5 016	4 036	3 999^p
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	158	139	135^p
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders^u (000)	34 970	12 449	28 463^p
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	77.4	79.3	80^d
Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)	99.9 / 99.7	100.0 / 99.7	100.0 / 99.6^p
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %)	98.3 / 91.2	98.5 / 91.4	98.5 / 91.4^p
Net Official Development Assist. disbursed^v (% of GNI)	0.6	1.14	1.6^b

Footnotes

a		Projected est. (medium fertility variant).
b		2023
c		2019
d		2024
e		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
f		Exc. irrigation canals and landscaping care.
g		Exc. publishing activities. Inc. irrigation canals.
h		Inc. publishing activities and landscape care. Exc. repair of personal and household goods.
i		Estimate.
j		Index base: 2015=100.
k		Base 2020 = 100
l		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
m		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
n		Including refugees.
o		Based on calendar year (January 1 to December 31).
p		2022
q		Data at 1 January of the reporting year.
r		Population aged 16 to 74 years.
s		Population aged 10 years and over.
t		2021
u		Non-resident tourists staying in all types of accommodation establishments.
v		Development Assistance Committee member (OECD).