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General Information

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2025
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	461 045	529 694	644 783^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	1.5	-4.8	1.3^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	40 890.0	45 900.0	55 049.0^b
Economy: Agriculture^f,g (% of Gross Value Added)	0.8	0.8	0.9^b
Economy: Industry^g,h (% of Gross Value Added)	21.7	21.2	20.5^b
Economy: Services and other activity^g,i (% of GVA)	77.4	78	78.6^b
Employment in agriculture^j (% of employed)	1.2	0.9	1.1^b
Employment in industry^j (% of employed)	21.4	20.4	19.4^b
Employment in services^j (% employed)	77.4	78.7	79.5^b
Unemployment (% of labour force)	8.5	5.5	5.4^j
Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %)	48.0 / 59.0	48.7 / 58.3	49.7 / 58.7^j
CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)	109^k	118	142^e
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	101	102	98^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	253 411	295 144	377 265^e
International trade: imports (million current US$)	258 593	294 247	366 891^e
International trade: balance (million current US$)	- 5 182	897	10 374^e
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	6 363	4 633	- 5 679^e

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Population growth rate (average annual %)	0.7	0.3	0.1^a
Urban population (% of total population)	97.9	98^d	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	0.7^l	...	...
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman)	1.7	1.6	1.4^a
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years)	83.1 / 78.6	83.1 / 78.5	84.6 / 80.3^a
Population age distribution^m (0-14/60+ years old, %)	17.0 / 24.1	16.8 / 25.5	15.7 / 27.7^a
International migrant stockⁿ (000/% of total pop.)	1 814.9 / 16.1	2 047.0 / 17.7	2 349.0 / 20.0^e
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	45.8	98.2	222.6^o,e
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)	3.9	3.6	3.3^a
Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)	10.8	11.3	10.8^p
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	3.2	3.5	6.5^b
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio^j (f/m per 100 pop.)	102.3 / 102.2	102.2 / 102.0	102.1 / 102.2^p
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio ^j (f/m per 100 pop.)	188.0 / 177.2	168.9 / 161.8	161.6 / 151.3^p
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio^j (f/m per 100 pop.)	168.4 / 142.4	156.7 / 133.2	146.8 / 125.8^p
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	...	...	1.1^q
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	39.3	40.7^r	39.3^r

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Individuals using the Internet^s (per 100 inhabitants)	85.1	91.5	94.6^b
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	2.4	3.4	3.4^q
Threatened species (number)	30	66	99^e
Forested area (% of land area)	22.7	22.6	22.6^p
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	89.6 / 7.9	79.3 / 6.9	77.4 / 6.7^p
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	446	572	678^p
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	194	182	181^p
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)	8 355^t	2 584^t	8 220^p
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	66.1	75.3	76.5^e
Net Official Development Assist. disbursed^u (% of GNI)	0.79	0.86	0.47^b

Footnotes

a		Projected est. (medium fertility variant).
b		2023
c		Refers to the population of Brussels-Capital Region and "communes" of the agglomeration and suburbs.
d		2019
e		2024
f		Exc. irrigation canals and landscaping care.
g		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
h		Exc. publishing activities. Inc. irrigation canals.
i		Inc. publishing activities and landscape care. Exc. repair of personal and household goods.
j		Estimate.
k		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
l		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
m		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
n		Including refugees.
o		The number of stateless persons includes recognized stateless persons who have been granted a residence permit in Belgium and who are therefore registered in the national register. It should be noted that recognized stateless persons who have not been granted a residence permit are not taken into account in figures provided by the Belgian Government.
p		2022
q		2021
r		Data at 1 January of the reporting year.
s		Population aged 16 to 74 years.
t		Break in the time series.
u		Development Assistance Committee member (OECD).