UNData app

General Information

Region		Western Europe
Population (000, 2021)		11 632^a
Pop. density (per km2, 2021)		384.2^a
Capital city		Brussels
Capital city pop. (000, 2021)		2 065.3^c,b
UN membership date		27-Dec-45
Surface area (km2)		30 528^b
Sex ratio (m per 100 f)		98.4^a
National currency		Euro (EUR)
Exchange rate (per US$)		0.8^d

Economic indicators

	2010	2015	2021
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	480 952	462 150	533 097^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	2.9	2	1.7^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	43 967.7	40 941.9	46 198.3^b
Economy: Agriculture^e (% of Gross Value Added)	0.9	0.8	0.7^b
Economy: Industry^f,g (% of Gross Value Added)	23.4	22	21.4^b
Economy: Services and other activity^h (% of GVA)	75.7	77.3	77.9^b
Employment in agriculture (% of employed)	1.4	1.2	0.9^i,d
Employment in industry (% of employed)	23.4	21.4	20.6^i,d
Employment in services (% employed)	75.3	77.4	78.4^i,d
Unemploymentⁱ (% of labour force)	8.3	8.5	5.7^d
Labour force participation rateⁱ (female/male pop. %)	47.5 / 60.8	48.0 / 59.1	48.5 / 58.4^d
CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)	100^j	109^j	118^d
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	96	101	102^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	407 596	397 739	298 313^d
International trade: imports (million current US$)	391 256	371 025	301 292^d
International trade: balance (million current US$)	16 340	26 714	- 2 979^d
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	7 338	6 363	-933^d

Social indicators

	2010	2015	2021
Population growth rate^k (average annual %)	0.7	0.6	0.5^d
Urban population (% of total population)	97.7	97.9	98^b
Urban population growth rate^k (average annual %)	0.8	0.7	...
Fertility rate, total^k (live births per woman)	1.8	1.8	1.7^d
Life expectancy at birth^k (females/males, years)	82.3 / 76.8	83.0 / 78.0	83.7 / 79.0^d
Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)	16.9 / 23.2	17.0 / 24.0	17.0 / 26.0^a
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	1 503.8 / 13.7	1 783.5 / 15.8	2 005.5 / 17.3^d
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	36.9^l	45.8	98.2^d
Infant mortality rate^k (per 1 000 live births)	3.8	3.5	2.8^d
Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)	10.2	10.4	10.3^m
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	2.9	3	6^b
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)	6.4	6.5	6.4ⁿ
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	101.8 / 102.0	103.1 / 103.2	103.6 / 103.1^m
Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	167.3 / 146.9	174.7 / 153.6	165.3 / 147.1^m
Education: Upper secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	180.6 / 152.6	168.7 / 142.8	161.8 / 138.2^m
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	1.7	2	1.7ⁿ
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	38	39.3	42^o

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2010	2015	2021
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	75	85.1^p	90.3^b
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	2.1	2.4	2.8^q,m
Threatened species (number)	27	30	70
Forested area (% of land area)	22.8	22.8ⁱ	22.8^i,m
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	103.9 / 9.5	92.8 / 8.2	90.6 / 7.9^b
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	646	444	484^m
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	228	193	193^m
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)	7 186	8 355^r	9 119^m
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	73.1	74.1	75.6^d
Net Official Development Assist. disbursed^s (% of GNI)	0.64	0.42	0.45ⁿ

Footnotes

a		Projected estimate (medium fertility variant).
b		2019
c		Refers to the population of Brussels-Capital Region and "communes" of the agglomeration and suburbs.
d		2020
e		Excludes irrigation canals and landscaping care.
f		Excludes publishing activities.
g		Includes irrigation canals.
h		Excludes repair of personal and household goods.
i		Estimate.
j		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
k		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
l		Data as at the end of December.
m		2018
n		2017
o		Data are as at 1 January of reporting year.
p		Users in the last 3 months.
q		Provisional data.
r		Break in the time series.
s		Development Assistance Committee member (OECD).