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General Information

Region		South-eastern Asia
Population (000, 2025)		1 418^a
Pop. density (per km2, 2025)		95.4^a
Capital city		Dili
Capital city pop. (000, 2025)		281.1^c
UN membership date		27 September 2002
Surface area (km2)		14 919^b
Sex ratio (m per 100 f)		101.7^a
National currency		US Dollar (USD)

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2025
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	1 595	2 163	2 080^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	2.8	32	-18.1^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	1 324.0	1 631.0	1 503.0^b
Economy: Agriculture^d,e (% of Gross Value Added)	17.8	13.5	16.6^b
Economy: Industry^d,f (% of Gross Value Added)	18.4	37.4	23.5^b
Economy: Services and other activity^d,g (% of GVA)	63.8	49.1	60^b
Employment in agriculture^h (% of employed)	50.3	40.6	36.8^b
Employment in industry^h (% of employed)	11	11.7	11.1^b
Employment in services^h (% employed)	38.7	47.7	52.1^b
Unemployment (% of labour force)	3.7	2.8^h	1.7^h
Labour force participation rate^h (female/male pop. %)	61.3 / 72.4	60.4 / 71.2	61.1 / 71.7
CPI: Consumer Price Index^h (2010=100)	143	148	181ⁱ
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	104	94	102^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	27^h	250	35^h,i
International trade: imports (million current US$)	1 018^h	497	955^h,i
International trade: balance (million current US$)	-991^h	-247	-920^h,i
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	225	515	-530ⁱ

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Population growth rate (average annual %)	1.9	1.9	1.3^a
Urban population (% of total population)	29.5	30.9^j	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	3.5^k	...	...
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman)	3.8	3	2.6^a
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years)	67.0 / 63.8	68.9 / 65.1	69.9 / 66.5^a
Population age distribution^l (0-14/60+ years old, %)	39.1 / 7.7	36.0 / 7.6	33.1 / 7.5^a
International migrant stock^m (000/% of total pop.)	8.5 / 0.7	8.4 / 0.6	8.3 / 0.6ⁱ
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	~0.0	~0.0^j	...
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)	60.9	51.8	43.5^a
Health: Current expenditureⁿ (% of GDP)	7.7	9.9	14.3^o
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	0.7	0.8	...
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	127.3 / 126.0	109.9 / 111.3	120.6 / 118.7^b
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	87.8 / 81.3	96.4 / 88.9	... / ...
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	62.6 / 58.5	82.3 / 71.5	... / ...
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	4.1	...	...
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	38.5	38.5^p	35.4^p

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Individuals using the Internet^h (per 100 inhabitants)	18.6	32	34^b
Threatened species (number)	21	41	294ⁱ
Forested area (% of land area)	62.4	61.9	61.8^o
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	0.4 / 0.4	0.6 / 0.5	0.6 / 0.5^o
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	281	197	94^o
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	6	7	7^o
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders^q (000)	62	18	6^r
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	40.7	45.6	45.6ⁱ
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	7.6	8.63	10.07^b

Footnotes

a		Projected est. (medium fertility variant).
b		2023
c		2018
d		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
e		Exc. irrigation canals and landscaping care.
f		Exc. publishing activities. Inc. irrigation canals.
g		Inc. publishing activities and landscape care. Exc. repair of personal and household goods.
h		Estimate.
i		2024
j		2019
k		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
l		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
m		Including refugees.
n		Based on calendar year (January 1 to December 31).
o		2022
p		Data at 1 January of the reporting year.
q		Arrivals by air at Dili Airport.
r		2021