| a | | Projected est. (medium fertility variant). |
| b | | For statistical purposes, the data for New Zealand do not include this area. |
| c | | 2023 |
| d | | The "capital" rotates yearly between the three atolls of Atafu, Fakaofo and Nukunomu, each with fewer than 500 inhabitants in 2011. |
| e | | 2024 |
| f | | Estimate. |
| g | | 2022 |
| h | | 2019 |
| i | | Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year. |
| j | | Calculated by the UN Statistics Division. |
| k | | Including refugees. |
| l | | For statistical purposes, the foreign-born population includes persons born in New Zealand, Cook Islands, and Niue. |