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General Information

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2025
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	1 432	1 383	2 141^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	8.9	-11.7	3.2^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	13 358.0	11 494.0	16 735.0^b
Economy: Agriculture^e,f (% of Gross Value Added)	2.5	2.3	3.4^b
Economy: Industry^e,g (% of Gross Value Added)	17	16.7	14.5^b
Economy: Services and other activity^e,h (% of GVA)	80.5	81	82.1^b
Employment in agriculture (% of employed)	3.6^i,j,k	...	...
Employment in industry (% of employed)	17.9^i,j,k	...	...
Employment in services (% employed)	78.2^i,j,k	...	...
Unemployment (% of labour force)	4.1^i,j,l,k	...	...
Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %)	61.9 / 68.3^i,j,l,k	... / ...	... / ...
CPI: Consumer Price Index^m (2010=100)	121	132	147^d
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	100	129	141^b
International trade: exportsⁿ (million current US$)	476	961	479^o,d
International trade: importsⁿ (million current US$)	977	2 045	1 730^o,d
International trade: balanceⁿ (million current US$)	-501	- 1 084	- 1 251^o,d
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	-256	-173	-155^b

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Population growth rate (average annual %)	2.4	2.2	1.7^a
Urban population (% of total population)	55.4	57.1^p	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	1.3^q	...	...
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman)	2.2	2.2	2.1^a
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years)	76.0 / 69.1	78.6 / 70.6	76.8 / 70.2^a
Population age distribution^r (0-14/60+ years old, %)	21.4 / 10.2	20.6 / 12.0	19.8 / 13.5^a
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	12.8 / 11.9	13.0 / 10.8	13.3 / 10.2^d
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	...	~0.0^c	...
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)	14.5	14.7	12.1^a
Health: Current expenditure^s (% of GDP)	4.3	6	4.2^t
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	0.9^u	1.9^p	6.6^t
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio^o (f/m per 100 pop.)	116.6 / 123.4	117.9 / 110.7	97.0 / 97.3^b
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio ^o (f/m per 100 pop.)	117.1 / 118.6	141.0 / 139.2	96.3 / 97.6^b
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio^o (f/m per 100 pop.)	75.3 / 66.4	75.1 / 71.5	59.2 / 52.7^b
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	6.5	7.5	8^t
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	43.8	21.2^v	28.6^v

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Individuals using the Internet^o (per 100 inhabitants)	54.3	84.8	87.4^b
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	...	0.2^l,w	...
Threatened species (number)	435	451	538^d
Forested area (% of land area)	73.3	73.3	73.3^t
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	0.5 / 4.8	0.6 / 5.1^o	0.6 / 5.1^o,t
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	0	0	0^t
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	65	69^o	70^o,t
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)	276	115	332^t
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	24.3	52.8	52.8^d
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	0.5	1.04^x	...

Footnotes

a		Projected est. (medium fertility variant).
b		2023
c		2018
d		2024
e		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
f		Exc. irrigation canals and landscaping care.
g		Exc. publishing activities. Inc. irrigation canals.
h		Inc. publishing activities and landscape care. Exc. repair of personal and household goods.
i		Excluding the institutional population.
j		Excluding some areas.
k		2011
l		Break in the time series.
m		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
n		As of 2010, trade in services data reflect improvement of the coverage of balance of payment statistics.
o		Estimate.
p		2019
q		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
r		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
s		Based on calendar year (January 1 to December 31).
t		2022
u		2012
v		Data at 1 January of the reporting year.
w		2016
x		2017