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General Information

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2025
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	11 335	10 584	12 351^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	4.3	-8.1	4.2^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	4 774.0	3 879.0	4 168.0^b
Economy: Agriculture^e,f (% of Gross Value Added)	7.2	9.8	8.5^b
Economy: Industry^e,g (% of Gross Value Added)	29.9	27.5	32.9^b
Economy: Services and other activity^e,h (% of GVA)	62.9	62.7	58.6^b
Employment in agricultureⁱ (% of employed)	24.4	22.3	21.5^b
Employment in industryⁱ (% of employed)	17	16	16.3^b
Employment in servicesⁱ (% employed)	58.5	61.8	62.2^b
Unemploymentⁱ (% of labour force)	20.8	21	18.9
Labour force participation rateⁱ (female/male pop. %)	56.4 / 65.3	54.3 / 61.7	55.4 / 63.3
CPI: Consumer Price Index^j (2010=100)	129	162	196^d
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	100	96	113^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	4 628	3 868	6 544^d
International trade: imports (million current US$)	7 697	5 038	8 882^d
International trade: balance (million current US$)	- 3 069	- 1 170	- 2 338^d
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	- 1 559	316	- 2 055^d

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Population growth rate (average annual %)	2.7	3	2^a
Urban population (% of total population)	46.9	51^c	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	4.6^l	...	...
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman)	3.6	3.3	3.2^a
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years)	63.1 / 56.8	68.0 / 60.2	71.6 / 63.6^a
Population age distribution^m (0-14/60+ years old, %)	36.5 / 5.4	37.1 / 5.6	36.7 / 6.0^a
International migrant stockⁿ (000/% of total pop.)	101.6 / 4.3	109.4 / 4.0	116.0 / 3.8^d
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	4.4	5.5	6.4^d
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)	45.3	40.5	35.7^a
Health: Current expenditure^o (% of GDP)	10	8.9	9.3^p
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	...	0.4	0.6^p
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	122.0 / 127.2	119.9 / 124.8	117.0 / 122.2^b
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	104.2 / 96.2	110.2 / 99.8	109.2 / 100.1^p
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	17.7^q	11.1	11.2^r
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	41.3	42.7^s,t	40.6^t,u

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Individuals using the Internetⁱ (per 100 inhabitants)	25.7	57.9	64.4^b
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	0.3^v,w	...	...
Threatened species (number)	105	117	176^d
Forested area (% of land area)	8.5	8.1	7.9^p
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	3.1 / 1.3	3.0 / 1.1	3.0 / 1.0^p
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	21	29	33^i,p
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	30	27	27^p
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)	1 388	170	461^p
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	82	82	82^d
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	1.26	1.72	2.3^b

Footnotes

a		Projected est. (medium fertility variant).
b		2023
c		2019
d		2024
e		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
f		Exc. irrigation canals and landscaping care.
g		Exc. publishing activities. Inc. irrigation canals.
h		Inc. publishing activities and landscape care. Exc. repair of personal and household goods.
i		Estimate.
j		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
k		Areas not elsewhere specified.
l		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
m		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
n		Including refugees.
o		Data refer to fiscal years beginning 1 April.
p		2022
q		2012
r		2021
s		The figures on the National Assembly correspond to the provisional results of the November 2019 elections, excluding members yet to be appointed. Newly elected members are due to be sworn in March 2020.
t		Data at 1 January of the reporting year.
u		Figures correspond to the provisional results of the November 2024 elections and exclude non-voting members yet to be appointed by the President of the Republic.
v		Partial data.
w		2014