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General Information

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2025
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	1 750	1 822	2 591^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	0.9	-20.8	5.1^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	3 415.0	3 539.0	4 961.0^b
Economy: Agriculture^e,f (% of Gross Value Added)	7.3	7.1	5.2^b
Economy: Industry^f,g (% of Gross Value Added)	16.6	16.9	12.5^b
Economy: Services and other activity^f,h (% of GVA)	76.2	76	82.3^b
Employment in agricultureⁱ (% of employed)	15.8	10.7	9.9^b
Employment in industryⁱ (% of employed)	18.8	21.5	21.7^b
Employment in servicesⁱ (% employed)	65.4	67.7	68.4^b
Unemploymentⁱ (% of labour force)	11.9	14.7	11.8
Labour force participation rateⁱ (female/male pop. %)	51.8 / 66.4	48.2 / 61.6	50.3 / 64.3
CPI: Consumer Price Index^j (2010=100)	109	111	128^d
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	101	76	72^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	67	53	277^i,d
International trade: imports (million current US$)	603	1 131ⁱ	2 020^i,d
International trade: balance (million current US$)	-537	- 1 078ⁱ	- 1 743^i,d
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	-51	-286	101^d

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Population growth rate (average annual %)	~0.0	0.1	0.4^a
Urban population (% of total population)	64.3	66.2^l	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	2^m	...	...
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman)	2	1.6	1.5^a
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years)	77.6 / 70.4	78.0 / 69.8	79.5 / 73.3^a
Population age distributionⁿ (0-14/60+ years old, %)	28.8 / 7.5	28.4 / 9.1	24.7 / 11.0^a
International migrant stock^o (000/% of total pop.)	14.9 / 2.9	15.8 / 3.1	16.5 / 3.1^d
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	0.1	0.1	0.1^d
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)	18.6	13.6	11.2^a
Health: Current expenditure^p (% of GDP)	4.4	6.6	6.7^q
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	0.5^r	0.7	0.7^b
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	106.1 / 108.7	102.1 / 104.7	102.0 / 104.0^s
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	124.7 / 114.3	115.2 / 108.8	117.6 / 112.2^s
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	89.6 / 66.4	96.1 / 72.6	91.2 / 66.8^s
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	9	7	...
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	20.8	25^t	44.4^t

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)	42.7^u	69.4^i,u	73.5^i,b
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	0.1^v,w,x	...	...
Threatened species (number)	51	119	134^d
Forested area (% of land area)	11	11.3	11.5^q
CO2 emission estimatesⁱ (million tons/tons per capita)	0.5 / 1.0	0.5 / 1.0	0.6 / 1.2^q
Energy production, primaryⁱ (Petajoules)	2	2	2^q
Energy supply per capitaⁱ (Gigajoules)	17	17	19^q
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders^y (000)	520	180	785^q
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	66.5	66.5	66.5^d
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	9.06	8.93	3.95^b

Footnotes

a		Projected est. (medium fertility variant).
b		2023
c		2018
d		2024
e		Exc. irrigation canals and landscaping care.
f		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4.
g		Exc. publishing activities. Inc. irrigation canals.
h		Inc. publishing activities and landscape care. Exc. repair of personal and household goods.
i		Estimate.
j		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division from national indices.
k		Areas not elsewhere specified.
l		2019
m		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
n		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
o		Including refugees.
p		Based on calendar year (January 1 to December 31).
q		2022
r		2014
s		2021
t		Data at 1 January of the reporting year.
u		Population aged 10 years and over.
v		Higher Education only.
w		Partial data.
x		2011
y		Non-resident tourists staying in hotels and similar establishments.