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General Information

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2025
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)	37 918	45 308	69 338^b
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	6.9	1.7	8.9^b
GDP per capita (current US$)	468	472	655^b
Economy: Agriculture (% of Gross Value Added)	19.7	21.6	17.8^b
Economy: Industry (% of Gross Value Added)	44.8	40.7	47.7^b
Economy: Services and other activity^d (% of GVA)	35.5	37.7	34.4^b
Employment in agriculture^e (% of employed)	58.8	56.3	55.1^b
Employment in industry^e (% of employed)	9.1	9.7	9.8^b
Employment in services^e (% employed)	32.1	34	35.2^b
Unemployment^e (% of labour force)	4.4	5.3	4.6
Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %)	62.4 / 69.7^e	60.3 / 66.7	62.3 / 68.5^e
CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)	130	134^f	...
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)	99	113	119^b
International trade: exports (million current US$)	8 685	14 230	36 799^e,g
International trade: imports (million current US$)	8 068	6 938	22 263^e,g
International trade: balance (million current US$)	617	7 292	14 536^e,g
Balance of payments, current account (million US$)	- 1 484	- 1 052	- 3 883^b

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Population growth rate (average annual %)	3.3	3.3	3.2^a
Urban population (% of total population)	42.7	45^c	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	4.6^h	...	...
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman)	6.4	6.2	5.9^a
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years)	60.4 / 56.9	62.5 / 58.4	64.4 / 60.1^a
Population age distributionⁱ (0-14/60+ years old, %)	46.0 / 4.9	46.1 / 4.8	45.9 / 4.8^a
International migrant stock^j (000/% of total pop.)	810.0 / 1.0	952.9 / 1.0	1 085.1 / 1.0^g
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)	2 001.0	6 229.7	8 055.5^k,g
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)	95.7	80.8	71.5^a
Health: Current expenditure^l (% of GDP)	3.7	4	3.8^m
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	0.1ⁿ	0.2^c	0.2^m
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	100.9 / 103.2	111.8 / 120.0	114.3 / 120.9^b
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	43.6 / 66.5	... / ...	56.4 / 86.1^o
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	26.7 / 43.4	... / ...	35.4 / 57.5^o
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	8.9	12.8^p	13^p

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2025
Individuals using the Internet^e (per 100 inhabitants)	3.8	21.6	30.5^b
Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)	0.4^q,r,s	...	...
Threatened species (number)	333	497	772^g
Forested area (% of land area)	58.1	55.6	54.7^m
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	2.8 / ~0.0	3.4 / ~0.0	4.7 / ~0.0^m
Energy production, primary (Petajoules)	1 218	1 370	1 453^m
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)	15	14	14^m
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)	354^t	202	382^o
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	49.2	54.6	54.6^g
Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)	26.6 / 0.6	23.9 / 0.5	24.2 / 0.5^m
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %)	16.6 / 14.2	15.4 / 11.2	15.2 / 11.2^m
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)	7.4	7.13	6.76^b

Footnotes

a		Projected est. (medium fertility variant).
b		2023
c		2019
d		Inc. restaurants and hotels.
e		Estimate.
f		2016
g		2024
h		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
i		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
j		Including refugees.
k		The 2014 ministerial declaration that offered Prima Facie refugee status to persons fleeing generalised violence from Central African Republic from January 2013 onwards is no longer applicable. As such, all refugees are assessed on an individual basis by the National Commission for Refugees.
l		Based on calendar year (January 1 to December 31).
m		2022
n		2013
o		2021
p		Data at 1 January of the reporting year.
q		Break in the time series.
r		Overestimated or based on overestimated data.
s		Excluding business enterprise.
t		The arrivals data relate only to three border posts (N'Djili airport in Kinshasa, the Luano airport in Lubumbashi, and the land border-crossing of Kasumbalesa in Katanga province).