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Planetary Pressures-adjusted HDIGo toSearch glossaries

Source: Human Development Indices: A statistical update 2022 | United Nations Development Programme
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SDG9.4 SDG8.4, 12.2
Human Development Index (HDI)  Planetary pressures-adjusted HDI (PHDI) Adjustment factor for planetary pressures Carbon dioxide emissions per capita (production) Carbon dioxide emissions (production) index Material footprint per capita Material footprint index
HDI rank Country Value Value Difference from HDI value (%) Difference from HDI rank Value (tonnes) Value (tonnes) Value
2021 2021 2021 2021 a 2021 2020 2020 2019 2019
Very high human development
1 Switzerland 0.962 0.796 17.3 -7 0.828 3.7 0.946 31.1 0.710
2 Norway 0.961 0.734 23.6 -34 0.764 7.6 0.889 38.8 0.639
3 Iceland 0.959 0.633 34.0 -91 0.660 8.6 0.875 59.6 0.445
4 Hong Kong, China (SAR) 0.952 .. .. .. .. 4.2 0.939 .. ..
5 Australia 0.951 0.637 33.0 -87 0.670 15.4 0.776 46.8 0.564
6 Denmark 0.948 0.803 15.3 0 0.847 4.5 0.934 25.9 0.759
7 Sweden 0.947 0.803 15.2 1 0.848 3.8 0.944 26.7 0.751
8 Ireland 0.945 0.682 27.8 -58 0.722 6.8 0.902 49.3 0.542
9 Germany 0.942 0.804 14.6 4 0.854 7.7 0.888 19.4 0.819
10 Netherlands 0.941 0.745 20.8 -18 0.791 8.1 0.883 32.3 0.700
11 Finland 0.940 0.731 22.2 -28 0.777 7.1 0.897 36.7 0.658
12 Singapore 0.939 0.665 29.2 -61 0.709 7.8 0.887 50.4 0.531
13 Belgium 0.937 0.742 20.8 -17 0.792 7.2 0.895 33.5 0.689
13 New Zealand 0.937 0.756 19.3 -6 0.807 6.9 0.899 30.7 0.714
15 Canada 0.936 0.687 26.6 -46 0.734 14.2 0.793 35.1 0.674
16 Liechtenstein 0.935 .. .. .. .. 3.7 0.946 .. ..
17 Luxembourg 0.930 0.645 30.6 -73 0.693 13.1 0.810 45.5 0.577
18 United Kingdom 0.929 0.819 11.8 15 0.882 4.9 0.929 17.9 0.834
19 Japan 0.925 0.792 14.4 8 0.856 8.1 0.881 18.2 0.831
19 Korea (Republic of) 0.925 0.752 18.7 -4 0.813 11.7 0.830 22.0 0.795
21 United States 0.921 0.698 24.2 -36 0.758 14.2 0.793 29.7 0.724
22 Israel 0.919 0.744 19.0 -8 0.809 6.5 0.905 30.8 0.714
23 Malta 0.918 0.720 21.6 -22 0.784 3.6 0.947 40.7 0.621
23 Slovenia 0.918 0.769 16.2 8 0.838 6.0 0.912 25.4 0.764
25 Austria 0.916 0.766 16.4 9 0.836 6.7 0.902 24.6 0.771
26 United Arab Emirates 0.911 0.518 43.1 -105 0.569 15.2 0.779 69.0 0.358
27 Spain 0.905 0.819 9.5 24 0.905 4.5 0.935 13.5 0.875
28 France 0.903 0.803 11.1 21 0.890 4.2 0.938 17.1 0.841
29 Cyprus 0.896 0.708 21.0 -22 0.791 5.4 0.922 36.6 0.659
30 Italy 0.895 0.813 9.2 25 0.908 5.0 0.927 11.9 0.890
31 Estonia 0.890 0.684 23.1 -34 0.768 7.9 0.885 37.5 0.651
32 Czechia 0.889 0.748 15.9 6 0.841 8.2 0.880 21.3 0.802
33 Greece 0.887 0.792 10.7 22 0.893 5.0 0.927 15.2 0.859
34 Poland 0.876 0.753 14.0 12 0.859 7.9 0.885 17.9 0.834
35 Bahrain 0.875 0.647 26.1 -51 0.740 20.5 0.701 23.8 0.778
35 Lithuania 0.875 0.679 22.4 -34 0.776 5.1 0.926 40.1 0.626
35 Saudi Arabia 0.875 0.638 27.1 -57 0.729 18.0 0.739 30.0 0.720
38 Portugal 0.866 0.792 8.5 27 0.914 4.0 0.942 12.3 0.886
39 Latvia 0.863 0.716 17.0 -8 0.829 3.6 0.948 31.0 0.711
40 Andorra 0.858 .. .. .. .. 6.0 0.912 .. ..
40 Croatia 0.858 0.764 11.0 23 0.890 4.1 0.940 17.1 0.841
42 Chile 0.855 0.775 9.4 27 0.906 4.2 0.938 13.5 0.874
42 Qatar 0.855 0.491 42.6 -96 0.574 37.0 0.461 33.7 0.686
44 San Marino 0.853 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
45 Slovakia 0.848 0.738 13.0 8 0.870 5.6 0.918 19.1 0.822
46 Hungary 0.846 0.755 10.8 23 0.893 5.0 0.927 15.3 0.858
47 Argentina 0.842 0.759 9.9 26 0.901 3.5 0.949 15.8 0.853
48 Türkiye 0.838 0.741 11.6 14 0.885 4.7 0.932 17.5 0.837
49 Montenegro 0.832 .. .. .. .. 3.7 0.946 .. ..
50 Kuwait 0.831 0.452 45.6 -100 0.544 20.8 0.697 65.3 0.392
51 Brunei Darussalam 0.829 0.358 56.8 -109 0.432 23.2 0.662 85.7 0.202
52 Russian Federation 0.822 0.721 12.3 7 0.877 10.8 0.843 9.5 0.912
53 Romania 0.821 0.738 10.1 15 0.898 3.7 0.946 16.0 0.851
54 Oman 0.816 0.710 13.0 1 0.870 12.2 0.823 8.9 0.917
55 Bahamas 0.812 0.634 21.9 -43 0.781 5.9 0.913 37.8 0.648
56 Kazakhstan 0.811 0.590 27.3 -52 0.727 15.5 0.774 34.4 0.680
57 Trinidad and Tobago 0.810 .. .. .. .. 25.4 0.631 .. ..
58 Costa Rica 0.809 0.746 7.8 26 0.922 1.6 0.977 14.4 0.866
58 Uruguay 0.809 0.733 9.4 15 0.906 1.7 0.976 17.5 0.837
60 Belarus 0.808 0.751 7.1 32 0.930 6.1 0.912 5.6 0.948
61 Panama 0.805 0.740 8.1 24 0.919 2.5 0.964 13.5 0.875
62 Malaysia 0.803 0.681 15.2 -10 0.848 8.4 0.877 19.6 0.818
63 Georgia 0.802 0.749 6.6 34 0.934 2.5 0.964 10.4 0.904
63 Mauritius 0.802 .. .. .. .. 3.1 0.954 .. ..
63 Serbia 0.802 0.715 10.8 11 0.891 4.9 0.928 15.7 0.854
66 Thailand 0.800 0.735 8.1 24 0.918 3.7 0.946 11.8 0.891
High human development
67 Albania 0.796 0.739 7.2 28 0.928 1.6 0.977 13.0 0.879
68 Bulgaria 0.795 0.708 10.9 12 0.891 5.4 0.922 15.0 0.860
68 Grenada 0.795 .. .. .. .. 2.6 0.962 .. ..
70 Barbados 0.790 .. .. .. .. 3.8 0.945 .. ..
71 Antigua and Barbuda 0.788 .. .. .. .. 4.4 0.936 .. ..
72 Seychelles 0.785 .. .. .. .. 5.0 0.927 .. ..
73 Sri Lanka 0.782 0.761 2.7 46 0.973 1.0 0.986 4.4 0.959
74 Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.780 0.691 11.4 6 0.885 6.5 0.905 14.4 0.866
75 Saint Kitts and Nevis 0.777 .. .. .. .. 4.0 0.942 .. ..
76 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 0.774 0.677 12.5 -4 0.874 8.9 0.871 13.2 0.877
77 Ukraine 0.773 0.703 9.1 11 0.909 4.9 0.929 11.9 0.889
78 North Macedonia 0.770 0.707 8.2 15 0.918 3.4 0.950 12.3 0.886
79 China 0.768 0.648 15.6 -14 0.844 7.4 0.892 22.0 0.796
80 Dominican Republic 0.767 0.719 6.3 24 0.937 2.6 0.963 9.5 0.911
80 Moldova (Republic of) 0.767 0.748 2.5 44 0.975 1.3 0.981 3.4 0.968
80 Palau 0.767 .. .. .. .. 12.1 0.824 .. ..
83 Cuba 0.764 0.721 5.6 30 0.944 1.8 0.974 9.2 0.914
84 Peru 0.762 0.721 5.4 31 0.946 1.4 0.980 9.4 0.912
85 Armenia 0.759 0.727 4.2 33 0.958 2.0 0.971 6.0 0.945
86 Mexico 0.758 0.704 7.1 21 0.929 2.8 0.960 10.9 0.899
87 Brazil 0.754 0.676 10.3 5 0.896 2.2 0.968 18.9 0.824
88 Colombia 0.752 0.711 5.5 28 0.945 1.8 0.975 9.1 0.915
89 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 0.751 .. .. .. .. 1.9 0.973 .. ..
90 Maldives 0.747 .. .. .. .. 3.3 0.952 .. ..
91 Algeria 0.745 0.687 7.8 16 0.922 3.5 0.949 11.2 0.896
91 Azerbaijan 0.745 0.688 7.7 18 0.924 3.7 0.946 10.6 0.902
91 Tonga 0.745 .. .. .. .. 1.4 0.980 .. ..
91 Turkmenistan 0.745 0.632 15.2 -20 0.848 12.5 0.818 13.1 0.878
95 Ecuador 0.740 0.704 4.9 27 0.951 1.8 0.974 7.7 0.928
96 Mongolia 0.739 0.557 24.6 -35 0.754 27.0 0.607 10.6 0.901
97 Egypt 0.731 0.692 5.3 25 0.947 2.1 0.970 8.2 0.923
97 Tunisia 0.731 0.687 6.0 21 0.940 2.4 0.965 9.2 0.915
99 Fiji 0.730 .. .. .. .. 1.6 0.977 .. ..
99 Suriname 0.730 .. .. .. .. 3.8 0.945 .. ..
101 Uzbekistan 0.727 0.688 5.4 25 0.947 3.4 0.951 6.1 0.943
102 Dominica 0.720 .. .. .. .. 1.9 0.972 .. ..
102 Jordan 0.720 0.683 5.1 20 0.949 2.5 0.964 7.0 0.935
104 Libya 0.718 0.626 12.8 -12 0.871 7.4 0.893 16.1 0.850
105 Paraguay 0.717 0.648 9.6 5 0.904 1.1 0.985 18.9 0.824
106 Palestine, State of 0.715 .. .. .. .. 0.6 0.992 .. ..
106 Saint Lucia 0.715 .. .. .. .. 2.4 0.965 .. ..
108 Guyana 0.714 .. .. .. .. 2.8 0.959 .. ..
109 South Africa 0.713 0.648 9.1 6 0.909 7.6 0.889 7.6 0.930
110 Jamaica 0.709 0.663 6.5 14 0.935 2.5 0.963 10.0 0.907
111 Samoa 0.707 .. .. .. .. 1.2 0.982 .. ..
112 Gabon 0.706 0.666 5.7 18 0.943 1.9 0.972 9.2 0.915
112 Lebanon 0.706 0.646 8.5 2 0.915 3.8 0.945 12.4 0.885
114 Indonesia 0.705 0.672 4.7 21 0.953 2.2 0.969 6.8 0.937
115 Viet Nam 0.703 0.662 5.8 17 0.941 2.6 0.962 8.5 0.921
Medium human development
116 Philippines 0.699 0.664 5.0 20 0.950 1.2 0.982 8.8 0.918
117 Botswana 0.693 0.633 8.7 0 0.914 2.8 0.960 14.2 0.868
118 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 0.692 0.647 6.5 11 0.934 1.8 0.974 11.3 0.895
118 Kyrgyzstan 0.692 0.658 4.9 18 0.951 1.8 0.974 7.8 0.927
120 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 0.691 0.645 6.7 9 0.934 3.0 0.957 9.6 0.911
121 Iraq 0.686 0.622 9.3 0 0.907 5.2 0.924 11.9 0.889
122 Tajikistan 0.685 0.662 3.4 24 0.966 1.0 0.986 5.8 0.946
123 Belize 0.683 0.637 6.7 9 0.933 1.5 0.979 12.2 0.886
123 Morocco 0.683 0.652 4.5 22 0.955 1.7 0.975 7.0 0.935
125 El Salvador 0.675 0.652 3.4 24 0.966 0.9 0.986 5.9 0.945
126 Nicaragua 0.667 0.647 3.0 19 0.969 0.8 0.989 5.4 0.950
127 Bhutan 0.666 0.553 17.0 -13 0.831 2.5 0.964 32.4 0.698
128 Cabo Verde 0.662 .. .. .. .. 1.0 0.986 .. ..
129 Bangladesh 0.661 0.649 1.8 25 0.982 0.6 0.992 2.9 0.973
130 Tuvalu 0.641 .. .. .. .. 0.6 0.991 .. ..
131 Marshall Islands 0.639 .. .. .. .. 2.6 0.963 .. ..
132 India 0.633 0.609 3.8 6 0.963 1.8 0.974 5.2 0.951
133 Ghana 0.632 0.618 2.2 8 0.978 0.5 0.993 3.9 0.964
134 Micronesia (Federated States of) 0.628 .. .. .. .. 1.3 0.981 .. ..
135 Guatemala 0.627 0.601 4.1 7 0.959 1.1 0.985 7.2 0.933
136 Kiribati 0.624 .. .. .. .. 0.6 0.992 .. ..
137 Honduras 0.621 0.599 3.5 7 0.965 1.0 0.986 6.1 0.944
138 Sao Tome and Principe 0.618 .. .. .. .. 0.5 0.993 .. ..
139 Namibia 0.615 0.574 6.7 2 0.933 1.5 0.978 11.9 0.889
140 Lao People's Democratic Republic 0.607 0.559 7.9 -3 0.921 4.7 0.932 9.6 0.910
140 Timor-Leste 0.607 .. .. .. .. 0.4 0.994 .. ..
140 Vanuatu 0.607 .. .. .. .. 0.6 0.991 .. ..
143 Nepal 0.602 0.584 3.0 7 0.970 0.6 0.992 5.6 0.948
144 Eswatini (Kingdom of) 0.597 .. .. .. .. 0.8 0.988 .. ..
145 Equatorial Guinea 0.596 0.520 12.8 -14 0.873 7.3 0.894 15.9 0.852
146 Cambodia 0.593 0.573 3.4 5 0.967 0.9 0.987 5.7 0.947
146 Zimbabwe 0.593 0.587 1.0 10 0.989 0.7 0.990 1.2 0.989
148 Angola 0.586 0.577 1.5 10 0.985 0.7 0.990 2.2 0.980
149 Myanmar 0.585 0.577 1.4 11 0.986 0.7 0.990 2.1 0.981
150 Syrian Arab Republic 0.577 0.565 2.1 7 0.978 1.7 0.975 1.9 0.982
151 Cameroon 0.576 0.569 1.2 9 0.988 0.3 0.996 2.1 0.980
152 Kenya 0.575 0.561 2.4 7 0.976 0.3 0.996 4.6 0.957
153 Congo 0.571 0.564 1.2 9 0.987 0.6 0.992 1.9 0.982
154 Zambia 0.565 0.557 1.4 7 0.986 0.4 0.995 2.4 0.978
155 Solomon Islands 0.564 .. .. .. .. 0.4 0.994 .. ..
156 Comoros 0.558 .. .. .. .. 0.3 0.996 .. ..
156 Papua New Guinea 0.558 0.541 3.0 4 0.970 0.7 0.989 5.2 0.951
158 Mauritania 0.556 0.533 4.1 3 0.959 0.7 0.989 7.8 0.928
159 Côte d'Ivoire 0.550 0.540 1.8 5 0.982 0.4 0.994 3.3 0.970
Low human development
160 Tanzania (United Republic of) 0.549 0.544 0.9 8 0.991 0.2 0.997 1.6 0.985
161 Pakistan 0.544 0.531 2.4 5 0.976 1.1 0.985 3.5 0.968
162 Togo 0.539 0.528 2.0 4 0.979 0.3 0.996 4.1 0.961
163 Haiti 0.535 0.528 1.3 5 0.987 0.3 0.996 2.4 0.978
163 Nigeria 0.535 0.524 2.1 3 0.979 0.6 0.991 3.6 0.966
165 Rwanda 0.534 0.529 0.9 8 0.990 0.1 0.999 2.0 0.981
166 Benin 0.525 0.515 1.9 2 0.980 0.6 0.992 3.4 0.968
166 Uganda 0.525 0.520 1.0 5 0.990 0.1 0.998 1.9 0.982
168 Lesotho 0.514 .. .. .. .. 1.0 0.985 .. ..
169 Malawi 0.512 0.508 0.8 3 0.992 0.1 0.999 1.7 0.984
170 Senegal 0.511 0.499 2.3 3 0.976 0.6 0.991 4.1 0.962
171 Djibouti 0.509 0.470 7.7 -7 0.924 0.4 0.995 15.9 0.852
172 Sudan 0.508 0.480 5.5 -1 0.945 0.4 0.994 11.3 0.895
173 Madagascar 0.501 0.497 0.8 5 0.992 0.1 0.998 1.5 0.986
174 Gambia 0.500 0.490 2.0 3 0.981 0.2 0.997 3.8 0.965
175 Ethiopia 0.498 0.496 0.4 6 0.997 0.1 0.998 0.5 0.996
176 Eritrea 0.492 0.483 1.8 4 0.982 0.2 0.997 3.5 0.968
177 Guinea-Bissau 0.483 .. .. .. .. 0.1 0.998 .. ..
178 Liberia 0.481 0.474 1.5 3 0.986 0.2 0.997 2.7 0.975
179 Congo (Democratic Republic of the) 0.479 0.473 1.3 2 0.987 0.0 1.000 2.8 0.974
180 Afghanistan 0.478 0.474 0.8 5 0.991 0.3 0.995 1.4 0.987
181 Sierra Leone 0.477 0.472 1.0 3 0.989 0.1 0.998 2.1 0.980
182 Guinea 0.465 0.454 2.4 2 0.976 0.3 0.996 4.8 0.956
183 Yemen 0.455 0.448 1.5 1 0.984 0.3 0.995 2.9 0.973
184 Burkina Faso 0.449 0.442 1.6 1 0.985 0.2 0.997 3.0 0.972
185 Mozambique 0.446 0.441 1.1 1 0.988 0.2 0.997 2.2 0.980
186 Mali 0.428 0.418 2.3 0 0.978 0.2 0.998 4.6 0.957
187 Burundi 0.426 0.422 0.9 2 0.992 0.1 0.999 1.7 0.984
188 Central African Republic 0.404 0.401 0.7 1 0.992 0.0 0.999 1.6 0.985
189 Niger 0.400 0.392 2.0 1 0.980 0.1 0.999 4.2 0.961
190 Chad 0.394 0.379 3.8 1 0.961 0.1 0.999 8.3 0.923
191 South Sudan 0.385 0.376 2.3 1 0.977 0.1 0.998 4.8 0.956
Other countries or territories
.. Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of) .. .. .. .. 0.988 1.1 0.983 0.8 0.993
.. Monaco .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
.. Nauru .. .. .. .. .. 5.2 0.924 .. ..
.. Somalia .. .. .. .. 0.983 0.0 0.999 3.5 0.967
Human development groups
Very high human development 0.896 0.747 16.6 ? 0.833 9.0 0.869 21.6 0.799
High human development 0.754 0.667 11.5 ? 0.884 5.4 0.922 16.5 0.846
Medium human development 0.636 0.613 3.6 ? 0.964 1.5 0.978 5.3 0.951
Low human development 0.518 0.509 1.7 ? 0.982 0.4 0.994 3.1 0.971
Developing countries 0.685 0.636 7.2 ? 0.928 3.3 0.952 10.5 0.902
Regions
Arab States 0.708 0.646 8.8 ? 0.912 4.3 0.937 12.3 0.885
East Asia and the Pacific 0.749 0.657 12.3 ? 0.877 5.8 0.916 17.4 0.838
Europe and Central Asia 0.796 0.713 10.4 ? 0.896 5.2 0.924 14.1 0.869
Latin America and the Caribbean 0.754 0.695 7.8 ? 0.921 2.3 0.966 13.3 0.876
South Asia 0.632 0.609 3.6 ? 0.963 1.8 0.973 5.1 0.952
Sub-Saharan Africa 0.547 0.536 2.0 ? 0.980 0.7 0.989 3.2 0.971
Least developed countries 0.540 0.531 1.7 ? 0.983 0.3 0.995 3.1 0.972
Small island developing states 0.730 .. .. ? .. 3.0 0.957 .. ..
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 0.899 0.755 16.0 ? 0.840 8.2 0.881 21.5 0.799
World 0.732 0.667 8.9 ? 0.912 4.3 0.937 12.4 0.885
Notes
a. Based on countries for which a Planetary pressures-adjusted Human Development Index value is calculated.
Definitions
Human Development Index (HDI): A composite index measuring average achievement in three basic dimensions of human development?a long and healthy life, knowledge and a decent standard of living. See Technical note 1 at http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2022_technical_notes.pdf for details on how the HDI is calculated.
Planetary pressures-adjusted HDI (PHDI): HDI value adjusted by the level of carbon dioxide emissions and material footprint per capita to account for excessive human pressure on the planet. It should be seen as an incentive for transformation. See Technical note 6 at http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2022_technical_notes.pdf for details on how the PHDI is calculated.
Difference from HDI value: Percentage difference between the PHDI value and the HDI value.
Difference from HDI rank: Difference in ranks on the PHDI and the HDI, calculated only for countries for which a PHDI value is calculated.
Adjustment factor for planetary pressures: Arithmetic average of the carbon dioxide emissions index and the material footprint index. A high value implies less pressure on the planet.
Carbon dioxide emissions per capita (production): Carbon dioxide emissions produced as a consequence of human activities (use of coal, oil and gas for combustion and industrial processes, gas flaring and cement manufacture), divided by midyear population. Values are territorial emissions, meaning that emissions are attributed to the country in which they physically occur.
Carbon dioxide emissions (production) index: Carbon dioxide emissions per capita (production-based) expressed as an index with a minimum value of 0 and a maximum value of 68.72 tonnes per capita. A high value implies less pressure on the planet.
Material footprint per capita: The attribution of global material extraction to domestic final demand of a country, divided by midyear population. Total material footprint is the sum of material footprint for biomass, fossil fuels, metal ores and nonmetal ores, calculated as the raw material equivalent of imports plus domestic extraction minus raw material equivalents of exports. Material footprint per capita describes the average material use for final demand.
Material footprint index: Material footprint per capita expressed as an index with a minimum value of 0 and a maximum value of 107.42 tonnes per capita. A high value implies less pressure on the planet.
Main data sources
Column 1: HDRO calculations based on data from Barro and Lee (2018), IMF (2022), UNDESA (2022a), UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2022), United Nations Statistics Division (2022) and World Bank (2022).
Column 2: Calculated as the product of the HDI and the adjustment factor presented in column 5.
Column 3: Calculated based on data in columns 1 and 2.
Column 4: Calculated based on PHDI values and recalculated HDI ranks for countries for which a PHDI value is calculated.
Column 5: Calculated based on data in columns 7 and 9.
Column 6: Global Carbon Project (2022).
Column 7: Calculated based on data in column 6.
Column 8: United Nations Environment Programme (2022).
Column 9: Calculated based on data in column 8.
Source

Human Development Indices: A statistical update 2022

Source:  United Nations Development Programme

The Human Development Report is a reliable source and an alternative perspective on critical issues for human development worldwide. Featuring the Human Development Index, every report presents agenda-setting data and analysis and calls international attention to issues and policy options that put people at the center of strategies to meet the challenges of development today - economic, social, political, and cultural.
Last update in UNdata: 2022/12/12
Next update in UNdata: 2023/12/01
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