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Country or Territory	Station Name	WMO Station Number	Period	Statistic Description	Unit	Jan		Feb		Mar		Apr		May		Jun		Jul		Aug		Sep		Oct		Nov		Dec		Annual		Annual NCDC Computed Value
AFGHANISTAN, ISLAMIC STATE OF	Faiz abad	40904	1964-1983	Mean Value	deg C	-0.1		2.0		7.7		14.1		17.6		23.7		27.1		25.7		20.3		14.2		7.5		2.7		13.7		13.5
AFGHANISTAN, ISLAMIC STATE OF	Sheberghan	40908	1964-1983	Mean Value	deg C	2.0		4.9		10.5		17.3		23.2		28.8		31.0		28.6		23.1		16.4		10.0		5.4		16.9		16.8
AFGHANISTAN, ISLAMIC STATE OF	Mazar-i-Sharif	40911	1959-1983	Mean Value	deg C	2.6		5.1		10.8		17.9		24.5		29.9		33.3		29.9		23.9		16.7		9.1		5.1		17.3		17.4
AFGHANISTAN, ISLAMIC STATE OF	Kunduz	40913	1958-1983	Mean Value	deg C	1.6		4.4		10.4		17.2		22.9		29.3		31.3		29.2		23.9		16.9		9.5		4.4		16.9		16.7
AFGHANISTAN, ISLAMIC STATE OF	Maimana	40922	1959-1983	Mean Value	deg C	2.0		4.0		8.4		15.4		20.1		25.5		27.6		25.2		20.5		14.5		8.6		4.7		14.7		14.7
AFGHANISTAN, ISLAMIC STATE OF	North Salang	40930	1960-1983	Mean Value	deg C	-10.3		-9.5		-5.4		-0.1		2.9		7.5		9.7		8.6		4.7		0.7		-4.0		-7.8		-0.2		-0.2
AFGHANISTAN, ISLAMIC STATE OF	Jabulsaraj	40932	1961-1983	Mean Value	deg C	1.2		2.6		9.0		15.1		19.8		25.3		27.3		26.3		22.6		17.2		10.7		4.2		15.3		15.1
AFGHANISTAN, ISLAMIC STATE OF	Qalai naw	40937	1970-1983	Mean Value	deg C	0.1		2.4		3.6		15.1		20.8		25.8		28.2		25.3		20.5		14.0		8.6		3.9		15.4		14.0
AFGHANISTAN, ISLAMIC STATE OF	Herat	40938	1958-1983	Mean Value	deg C	2.9		5.5		10.2		16.3		22.1		27.2		29.8		28.0		22.9		16.1		8.8		4.7		15.8		16.2
AFGHANISTAN, ISLAMIC STATE OF	Chakhcharan	40942	1968-1983	Mean Value	deg C	-9.4		-7.3		1.6		9.3		12.8		17.2		19.3		17.8		12.4		6.9		1.5		-4.4		6.3		6.5
AFGHANISTAN, ISLAMIC STATE OF	Bamiyan	40945	1960-1983	Mean Value	deg C	-6.4		-4.8		1.4		8.6		12.4		16.3		18.4		17.4		12.8		7.8		1.6		-2.8		6.9		6.9
AFGHANISTAN, ISLAMIC STATE OF	Kabul	40948	1956-1983	Mean Value	deg C	-2.3		-0.7		6.3		12.8		17.3		22.8		25.0		24.1		19.7		13.1		5.9		0.6		12.0		12.1
AFGHANISTAN, ISLAMIC STATE OF	Jalal Abad	40954	1959-1983	Mean Value	deg C	8.5		10.9		16.3		21.9		27.7		32.7		32.8		31.9		28.1		22.2		14.9		9.5		21.4		21.4
AFGHANISTAN, ISLAMIC STATE OF	Ghazni	40968	1958-1983	Mean Value	deg C	-5.9		-4.4		3.8		11.0		16.3		21.4		23.3		22.2		16.9		10.3		4.0		-1.8		9.7		9.8
AFGHANISTAN, ISLAMIC STATE OF	Gardiz	40970	1964-1983	Mean Value	deg C	-6.1		-4.7		2.7		10.1		15.1		20.6		22.0		21.1		16.7		10.5		3.8		-2.2		8.6		9.1
AFGHANISTAN, ISLAMIC STATE OF	Khost	40971	1962-1982	Mean Value	deg C	4.8		7.0		12.2		17.5		22.6		28.0		27.4		26.4		23.3		17.9		11.0		6.4		17.0		17.0
AFGHANISTAN, ISLAMIC STATE OF	Farah	40974	1960-1983	Mean Value	deg C	7.2		9.9		15.6		21.7		27.0		32.2		34.3		31.9		26.7		20.2		12.9		8.8		20.5		20.7
AFGHANISTAN, ISLAMIC STATE OF	Trinkot	40977	1972-1983	Mean Value	deg C	3.3		4.9		10.8		17.4		22.4		28.0		29.7		27.7		22.8		16.1		9.0		5.2		16.3		16.4
AFGHANISTAN, ISLAMIC STATE OF	Zaranj	40986	1969-1983	Mean Value	deg C	6.5		10.0		15.7		23.3		29.1		33.4		35.0		32.3		27.2		21.9		13.1		8.7		21.3		21.4
AFGHANISTAN, ISLAMIC STATE OF	Bust	40988	1960-1983	Mean Value	deg C	6.3		9.3		15.4		21.6		27.2		31.5		32.7		30.0		24.7		18.7		12.0		7.9		19.8		19.8
AFGHANISTAN, ISLAMIC STATE OF	Kandahar	40990	1964-1983	Mean Value	deg C	5.1		7.8		13.9		20.2		25.4		30.0		31.9		29.4		23.5		17.5		11.0		7.3		18.5		18.6
ALBANIA	VLORE	13600	1961-1990	Mean Value	deg C	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	16.4		-9999.9	1
ALBANIA	VLORE	13600	1961-1990	Maximum Value	deg C	23.6		29.6		28.2		29.6		37.2		41.0		41.6		38.0		38.0		31.8		28.5		24.5		-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1
ALBANIA	VLORE	13600	1961-1990	Minimum Value	deg C	-7.0		-4.8		-6.3		-0.5		4.6		10.1		11.4		12.2		6.6		3.0		-0.6		-3.5		-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1
ALBANIA	VLORE	13600	1961-1990	Mean Daily Maximum Value	deg C	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	21.2		-9999.9	1
ALBANIA	VLORE	13600	1961-1990	Mean Daily Minimum Value	deg C	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	11.4		-9999.9	1
ALBANIA	VLORE	13600	1961-1990	Mean Monthly Maximum Value	deg C	13.2		13.9		15.9		19.0		23.2		27.0		29.7		29.8		27.0		22.8		18.2		14.5		-9999.9	1	21.2
ALBANIA	VLORE	13600	1961-1990	Mean Monthly Minimum Value	deg C	4.8		5.3		6.6		9.6		13.2		16.6		18.4		18.3		15.9		12.5		9.5		6.3		-9999.9	1	11.4
ALBANIA	KUKES	13610	1961-1990	Mean Value	deg C	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	12.3		-9999.9	1
ALBANIA	KUKES	13610	1961-1990	Maximum Value	deg C	19.7		23.1		26.9		30.6		35.0		39.2		40.2		38.7		35.4		30.6		25.4		22.0		-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1
ALBANIA	KUKES	13610	1961-1990	Minimum Value	deg C	-22.0		-14.5		-13.0		-2.8		0.5		4.0		6.9		6.4		0.0		-3.0		-16.0		-16.3		-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1
ALBANIA	KUKES	13610	1961-1990	Mean Daily Maximum Value	deg C	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	17.2		-9999.9	1
ALBANIA	KUKES	13610	1961-1990	Mean Daily Minimum Value	deg C	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	6.7		-9999.9	1
ALBANIA	KUKES	13610	1961-1990	Mean Monthly Maximum Value	deg C	3.8		7.2		12.1		17.4		22.5		25.9		28.8		28.8		24.6		18.1		11.3		5.6		-9999.9	1	17.2
ALBANIA	KUKES	13610	1961-1990	Mean Monthly Minimum Value	deg C	-2.9		-1.2		1.8		6.2		10.8		14.0		15.6		15.2		11.9		7.0		3.1		-0.8		-9999.9	1	6.7
ALBANIA	TIRANE	13615	1961-1990	Mean Value	deg C	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	15.2		-9999.9	1
ALBANIA	TIRANE	13615	1961-1990	Maximum Value	deg C	21.3		27.7		27.9		31.7		35.8		39.7		41.5		40.0		35.8		31.4		26.4		22.5		-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1
ALBANIA	TIRANE	13615	1961-1990	Minimum Value	deg C	-10.4		-7.6		-7.0		0.0		2.5		5.6		9.4		10.0		3.8		-1.3		-4.3		-6.9		-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1
ALBANIA	TIRANE	13615	1961-1990	Mean Daily Maximum Value	deg C	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	21.0		-9999.9	1
ALBANIA	TIRANE	13615	1961-1990	Mean Daily Minimum Value	deg C	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	9.0		-9999.9	1
ALBANIA	TIRANE	13615	1961-1990	Mean Monthly Maximum Value	deg C	11.6		12.9		15.6		19.0		23.8		27.7		30.7		30.7		27.3		21.8		12.1		13.0		-9999.9	1	20.5
ALBANIA	TIRANE	13615	1961-1990	Mean Monthly Minimum Value	deg C	1.8		2.6		4.5		7.9		12.1		15.6		17.2		16.9		14.1		10.1		6.3		3.2		-9999.9	1	9.4
ALBANIA	SHKODER	13622	1961-1990	Mean Value	deg C	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	14.7		-9999.9	1
ALBANIA	SHKODER	13622	1961-1990	Maximum Value	deg C	18.2		21.7		26.1		27.2		34.5		36.1		39.8		41.5		37.6		31.0		24.0		21.7		-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1
ALBANIA	SHKODER	13622	1961-1990	Minimum Value	deg C	-12.6		-9.7		-5.1		0.5		3.6		9.1		11.0		11.4		7.2		-0.1		-4.0		-6.4		-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1
ALBANIA	SHKODER	13622	1961-1990	Mean Daily Maximum Value	deg C	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	19.7		-9999.9	1
ALBANIA	SHKODER	13622	1961-1990	Mean Daily Minimum Value	deg C	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	9.7		-9999.9	1
ALBANIA	SHKODER	13622	1961-1990	Mean Monthly Maximum Value	deg C	8.7		10.6		14.2		18.2		23.4		27.2		30.7		30.7		26.7		20.9		14.9		10.4		-9999.9	1	19.7
ALBANIA	SHKODER	13622	1961-1990	Mean Monthly Minimum Value	deg C	1.1		2.6		5.2		9.0		13.3		16.4		18.6		18.5		15.3		10.8		6.8		2.9		-9999.9	1	10.0
ALBANIA	GJIROKASTRA	13625	1961-1990	Mean Value	deg C	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	-9999.9	1	14.5		-9999.9	1

Footnotes

1 - code for missing value

Source

World Meteorological Organization Standard Normals

Source: World Meteorological Organization

WMO data provide the basis for better understanding the climatology of severe weather and extreme events such as tropical cyclones, El Niño, floods, heat waves, cold waves, droughts and other natural hazards, contributing to saving both lives and property, and improving our understanding and monitoring of the climate system and environment. WMO has drawn attention to issues of major concern, such as ozone layer depletion, global warming, climate change and diminishing water resources.

WMO enhances the application of meteorological and hydrological information for the security and well-being of society. Such information is crucial for addressing major challenges such as food security, water resources management, reduction of pollution, decision-making related to the health sector, transport, tourism among others.

WMO provides guidelines to use procedures for analysing climate data for climate change purposes as well as for other applications. This includes, inter-alia, analysis of extremes in a changing climate, the role of climatological normals in a changing climate and climate data homogenisation. Description of processes, methodologies and practices in climatology are provided within a mandatory publication representing the WMO guide to climatological practices.

WMO defines climatological standard normals as "averages of climatological data computed for the following consecutive periods of 30 years: January 1, 1901 to December 31, 1930, January 1, 1931 to December 31, 1960, etc." (WMO, 1984).The latest global standard normals period is 1961-1990. The next standard normals periode is January 1991 – December 2020.

Last update in UNdata: 2010/07/14
Next update in UNdata: To be confirmed

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