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Summary statistics
Region Central America  
Currency Balboa (PAB)  
Surface area (square kms) 75517  
Population in 2007 (projected, 000) 3343  
Population density in 2007 (per square km) 44.3  
Largest urban agglomeration in 2007 (population, 000) Panama City (1281)  
United Nations membership date 13 November 1945  
Economic indicators
Gross domestic product (GDP) (million current US$) 2007 19740  
Gross domestic product (GDP) (million current US$) 2005 15465  
Gross domestic product (GDP) (million current US$) 2000 11621  
Growth rate of GDP at constant 1990 prices (% p.a.) 2007 11.2  
Growth rate of GDP at constant 1990 prices (% p.a.) 2005 7.2  
Growth rate of GDP at constant 1990 prices (% p.a.) 2000 2.7  
GDP per capita (current US$) 2007 5904.2  
GDP per capita (current US$) 2005 4785.6  
GDP per capita (current US$) 2000 3939.2  
Gross national income (GNI) per capita (current US$) 2007 5360.8  
Gross national income (GNI) per capita (current US$) 2005 4341.0  
Gross national income (GNI) per capita (current US$) 2000 3654.9  
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 2007 20.1  
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 2005 16.8  
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 2000 21.2  
Exchange rate (national currency per US$) 2007 1.00 Official rate.  
Exchange rate (national currency per US$) 2005 1.00 Official rate.  
Exchange rate (national currency per US$) 2000 1.00 Official rate.  
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) 2007 –1422  
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) 2005 –1022  
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) 2000 –673  
Consumer price index (2000=100) 2007 110 Urban areas. Index base 2003=100.  
Consumer price index (2000=100) 2005 103 Urban areas. Index base 2003=100.  
Consumer price index (2000=100) 2000 ... Urban areas. Index base 2003=100.  
Industrial production index (2000=100) 2007 121 Derived by the UNSD from component national indices.  
Industrial production index (2000=100) 2005 106 Derived by the UNSD from component national indices.  
Industrial production index (2000=100) 2000 100 Derived by the UNSD from component national indices.  
Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) 2007 ...  
Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) 2005 105  
Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) 2000 99  
Food production index (1999-2001=100) 2007 ...  
Food production index (1999-2001=100) 2005 105  
Food production index (1999-2001=100) 2000 100  
Unemployment (% of labour force) 2007 6.8 August.  
Unemployment (% of labour force) 2005 10.3 August.  
Unemployment (% of labour force) 2000 13.5 August.  
Employment in industrial sector (% of employed) 2007 19.3 August.  
Employment in industrial sector (% of employed) 2005 17.2 August.  
Employment in industrial sector (% of employed) 2000 17.4 August.  
Employment in agricultural sector (% of employed) 2007 14.7 August.  
Employment in agricultural sector (% of employed) 2005 15.7 August.  
Employment in agricultural sector (% of employed) 2000 17.0 August.  
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 2007 47.9  
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 2005 48.0  
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 2000 45.1  
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) 2007 80.3  
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) 2005 81.1  
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) 2000 81.4  
Tourist arrivals at national borders (000) 2007 1103  
Tourist arrivals at national borders (000) 2005 702  
Tourist arrivals at national borders (000) 2000 484  
Primary energy production (000 MT oil equivalent) 2007 336 2006.  
Primary energy production (000 MT oil equivalent) 2005 333  
Primary energy production (000 MT oil equivalent) 2000 294  
Total telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) 2007 86.3  
Total telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) 2005 68.7  
Total telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) 2000 29.6  
Internet users (per 100 inhabitants) 2007 15.7  
Internet users (per 100 inhabitants) 2005 11.5  
Internet users (per 100 inhabitants) 2000 6.8  
Exports (million US$) 2007 1120.5  
Imports (million US$) 2007 6868.1  
Major trading partners (% of exports) 2007 United States (35.7), Netherlands (10.2), China (5  
Major trading partners (% of imports) 2007 United States (30.8), Netherlands Antilles (7.1),  
Social indicators
Population growth rate 2005-2010 (% per annum) 1.6  
Population aged 0-14 years in 2008 (%) 29.2  
Population aged 60+ years in 2008 (women and men, % of total) 10.9/10.0  
Sex ratio in 2008 (men per 100 women) 101.7  
Life expectancy at birth 2005-2010 (women and men, years) 78.2/73.0  
Infant mortality rate 2005-2010 (per 1 000 live births) 18.2  
Total fertility rate 2005-2010 (live births per woman) 2.6  
Urban population in 2007 (%) 72.5  
Urban population growth rate 2005-2010 (% per annum) 2.8  
Rural population growth rate 2005-2010 (% per annum) –1.3  
International migrant stock (% of total population) 3.4  
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR 17422  
Government education expenditure (% of GDP) 3.8 UNESCO estimate.  
Primary-secondary gross enrolment ratio (women and men per 100) 92.0/90.8  
Third-level students (women and men, % of total) 60.9/39.1  
Newspaper circulation (per 1 000 inhabitants) 65.1  
Parliamentary seats (women and men, % of total) 16.7/83.3  
Environment
Threatened species in 2008 320  
Forested area (% of land area) 57.7  
CO2 emission estimates (000 metric tons and metric tons per capita) 5884/1.8  
Energy consumption per capita (kilograms oil equivalent) 699.0  
Mean total rainfall (millimetres) 1907  
Mean temperature °C (minimum and maximum) 20.0/33.8  
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United Nations Statistics Division
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