| Economic indicators |
| Gross domestic product (GDP) (million current US$) |
2007 |
3745 |
|
| Gross domestic product (GDP) (million current US$) |
2005 |
2460 |
|
| Gross domestic product (GDP) (million current US$) |
2000 |
1370 |
|
| Growth rate of GDP at constant 1990 prices (% p.a.) |
2007 |
8.2 |
|
| Growth rate of GDP at constant 1990 prices (% p.a.) |
2005 |
–0.2 |
|
| Growth rate of GDP at constant 1990 prices (% p.a.) |
2000 |
5.4 |
|
| GDP per capita (current US$) |
2007 |
704.4 |
|
| GDP per capita (current US$) |
2005 |
472.8 |
|
| GDP per capita (current US$) |
2000 |
277.0 |
|
| Gross national income (GNI) per capita (current US$) |
2007 |
695.8 |
|
| Gross national income (GNI) per capita (current US$) |
2005 |
457.2 |
|
| Gross national income (GNI) per capita (current US$) |
2000 |
260.7 |
|
| Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) |
2007 |
25.2 |
|
| Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) |
2005 |
16.0 |
|
| Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) |
2000 |
18.0 |
|
| Exchange rate (national currency per US$) |
2007 |
37.32 |
Official rate. |
| Exchange rate (national currency per US$) |
2005 |
41.01 |
Official rate. |
| Exchange rate (national currency per US$) |
2000 |
47.70 |
Official rate. |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) |
2007 |
–268 |
|
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) |
2005 |
–60 |
|
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) |
2000 |
–123 |
|
| Consumer price index (2000=100) |
2007 |
129 |
2006. |
| Consumer price index (2000=100) |
2005 |
122 |
|
| Consumer price index (2000=100) |
2000 |
100 |
|
| Industrial production index (2000=100) |
2007 |
109 |
|
| Industrial production index (2000=100) |
2005 |
125 |
|
| Industrial production index (2000=100) |
2000 |
100 |
|
| Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) |
2007 |
... |
|
| Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) |
2005 |
101 |
|
| Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) |
2000 |
100 |
|
| Food production index (1999-2001=100) |
2007 |
... |
|
| Food production index (1999-2001=100) |
2005 |
101 |
|
| Food production index (1999-2001=100) |
2000 |
99 |
|
| Unemployment (% of labour force) |
2007 |
8.3 |
November. 2006. |
| Unemployment (% of labour force) |
2005 |
8.1 |
November. |
| Unemployment (% of labour force) |
2000 |
12.5 |
November. 2002. |
| Employment in industrial sector (% of employed) |
2007 |
19.4 |
2006. |
| Employment in industrial sector (% of employed) |
2005 |
17.6 |
|
| Employment in industrial sector (% of employed) |
2000 |
10.5 |
Age group not specified. |
| Employment in agricultural sector (% of employed) |
2007 |
36.3 |
2006. |
| Employment in agricultural sector (% of employed) |
2005 |
38.5 |
|
| Employment in agricultural sector (% of employed) |
2000 |
53.1 |
Age group not specified. |
| Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) |
2007 |
53.3 |
|
| Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) |
2005 |
53.2 |
|
| Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) |
2000 |
56.2 |
|
| Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) |
2007 |
74.9 |
|
| Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) |
2005 |
74.1 |
|
| Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) |
2000 |
74.1 |
|
| Tourist arrivals at national borders (000) |
2007 |
766 |
2006. New data source: Department of Customs Control. |
| Tourist arrivals at national borders (000) |
2005 |
315 |
New data source: Department of Customs Control. |
| Tourist arrivals at national borders (000) |
2000 |
59 |
|
| Primary energy production (000 MT oil equivalent) |
2007 |
1463 |
2006. |
| Primary energy production (000 MT oil equivalent) |
2005 |
1422 |
|
| Primary energy production (000 MT oil equivalent) |
2000 |
1416 |
|
| Total telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) |
2007 |
49.5 |
|
| Total telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) |
2005 |
18.7 |
|
| Total telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) |
2000 |
7.9 |
|
| Internet users (per 100 inhabitants) |
2007 |
14.1 |
|
| Internet users (per 100 inhabitants) |
2005 |
10.5 |
|
| Internet users (per 100 inhabitants) |
2000 |
1.1 |
|
| Exports (million US$) |
2007 |
1134.2 |
|
| Imports (million US$) |
2007 |
2417.0 |
|
| Major trading partners (% of exports) |
2007 |
Russian Federation (20.7), Switzerland (19.9), Kaz |
|
| Major trading partners (% of imports) |
2007 |
Russian Federation (40.5), China (14.7), Kazakhsta |
|
| Social indicators |
| Population growth rate 2005-2010 (% per annum) |
|
1.1 |
|
| Population aged 0-14 years in 2008 (%) |
|
29.1 |
|
| Population aged 60+ years in 2008 (women and men, % of total) |
|
9.6/6.4 |
|
| Sex ratio in 2008 (men per 100 women) |
|
97.2 |
|
| Life expectancy at birth 2005-2010 (women and men, years) |
|
69.9/62.0 |
|
| Infant mortality rate 2005-2010 (per 1 000 live births) |
|
53.1 |
|
| Total fertility rate 2005-2010 (live births per woman) |
|
2.5 |
|
| Contraceptive prevalence (ages 15-49, %) |
|
47.8 |
|
| Urban population in 2007 (%) |
|
36.1 |
|
| Urban population growth rate 2005-2010 (% per annum) |
|
1.6 |
|
| Rural population growth rate 2005-2010 (% per annum) |
|
0.8 |
|
| International migrant stock (% of total population) |
|
4.0 |
|
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR |
|
10918 |
|
| Government education expenditure (% of GDP) |
|
4.9 |
|
| Primary-secondary gross enrolment ratio (women and men per 100) |
|
90.1/89.7 |
|
| Third-level students (women and men, % of total) |
|
55.6/44.4 |
|
| Newspaper circulation (per 1 000 inhabitants) |
|
1.0 |
|
| Parliamentary seats (women and men, % of total) |
|
25.6/74.4 |
|
