| Economic indicators |
| Gross domestic product (GDP) (million current US$) |
2007 |
138183 |
|
| Gross domestic product (GDP) (million current US$) |
2005 |
110506 |
|
| Gross domestic product (GDP) (million current US$) |
2000 |
47943 |
|
| Growth rate of GDP at constant 1990 prices (% p.a.) |
2007 |
1.3 |
|
| Growth rate of GDP at constant 1990 prices (% p.a.) |
2005 |
4.1 |
|
| Growth rate of GDP at constant 1990 prices (% p.a.) |
2000 |
5.2 |
|
| GDP per capita (current US$) |
2007 |
13777.4 |
|
| GDP per capita (current US$) |
2005 |
10956.0 |
|
| GDP per capita (current US$) |
2000 |
4693.7 |
|
| Gross national income (GNI) per capita (current US$) |
2007 |
12852.2 |
|
| Gross national income (GNI) per capita (current US$) |
2005 |
10309.6 |
|
| Gross national income (GNI) per capita (current US$) |
2000 |
4443.8 |
|
| Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) |
2007 |
20.9 |
|
| Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) |
2005 |
22.8 |
|
| Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) |
2000 |
23.0 |
|
| Exchange rate (national currency per US$) |
2007 |
183.63 |
Official rate. |
| Exchange rate (national currency per US$) |
2005 |
199.58 |
Official rate. |
| Exchange rate (national currency per US$) |
2000 |
282.18 |
Official rate. |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) |
2007 |
–6777 |
|
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) |
2005 |
–7463 |
|
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) |
2000 |
–4004 |
|
| Consumer price index (2000=100) |
2007 |
149 |
|
| Consumer price index (2000=100) |
2005 |
133 |
|
| Consumer price index (2000=100) |
2000 |
100 |
|
| Industrial production index (2000=100) |
2007 |
157 |
|
| Industrial production index (2000=100) |
2005 |
132 |
|
| Industrial production index (2000=100) |
2000 |
100 |
|
| Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) |
2007 |
... |
|
| Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) |
2005 |
111 |
|
| Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) |
2000 |
94 |
|
| Food production index (1999-2001=100) |
2007 |
... |
|
| Food production index (1999-2001=100) |
2005 |
111 |
|
| Food production index (1999-2001=100) |
2000 |
94 |
|
| Unemployment (% of labour force) |
2007 |
7.4 |
Age group 15 to 74 years. |
| Unemployment (% of labour force) |
2005 |
7.2 |
Age group 15 to 74 years. |
| Unemployment (% of labour force) |
2000 |
6.4 |
Age group 15 to 74 years. |
| Employment in industrial sector (% of employed) |
2007 |
32.6 |
Age group 15 to 74 years. Average of quarterly estimates. |
| Employment in industrial sector (% of employed) |
2005 |
32.8 |
Age group 15 to 74 years. Average of quarterly estimates. |
| Employment in industrial sector (% of employed) |
2000 |
34.2 |
Age group 15 to 74 years. Average of quarterly estimates. |
| Employment in agricultural sector (% of employed) |
2007 |
4.7 |
Age group 15 to 74 years. Average of quarterly estimates. |
| Employment in agricultural sector (% of employed) |
2005 |
5.0 |
Age group 15 to 74 years. Average of quarterly estimates. |
| Employment in agricultural sector (% of employed) |
2000 |
6.7 |
Age group 15 to 74 years. Average of quarterly estimates. |
| Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) |
2007 |
43.7 |
|
| Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) |
2005 |
43.4 |
|
| Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) |
2000 |
41.9 |
|
| Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) |
2007 |
59.3 |
|
| Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) |
2005 |
59.1 |
|
| Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) |
2000 |
58.8 |
|
| Tourist arrivals at national borders (000) |
2007 |
8638 |
|
| Tourist arrivals at national borders (000) |
2005 |
9979 |
|
| Tourist arrivals at national borders (000) |
2000 |
... |
|
| Primary energy production (000 MT oil equivalent) |
2007 |
7366 |
2006. |
| Primary energy production (000 MT oil equivalent) |
2005 |
7357 |
|
| Primary energy production (000 MT oil equivalent) |
2000 |
8590 |
|
| Total telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) |
2007 |
142.4 |
|
| Total telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) |
2005 |
126.1 |
|
| Total telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) |
2000 |
67.4 |
|
| Internet users (per 100 inhabitants) |
2007 |
41.9 |
|
| Internet users (per 100 inhabitants) |
2005 |
29.7 |
|
| Internet users (per 100 inhabitants) |
2000 |
7.0 |
|
| Exports (million US$) |
2007 |
94590.9 |
|
| Imports (million US$) |
2007 |
94659.7 |
|
| Major trading partners (% of exports) |
2007 |
Germany (28.4), Italy (5.6), France (4.7) |
|
| Major trading partners (% of imports) |
2007 |
Germany (26.8), Russian Federation (6.9), Austria |
|
| Social indicators |
| Population growth rate 2005-2010 (% per annum) |
|
–0.3 |
|
| Population aged 0-14 years in 2008 (%) |
|
14.5 |
|
| Population aged 60+ years in 2008 (women and men, % of total) |
|
28.7/19.2 |
|
| Sex ratio in 2008 (men per 100 women) |
|
90.9 |
|
| Life expectancy at birth 2005-2010 (women and men, years) |
|
77.4/69.2 |
|
| Infant mortality rate 2005-2010 (per 1 000 live births) |
|
6.8 |
|
| Total fertility rate 2005-2010 (live births per woman) |
|
1.3 |
|
| Contraceptive prevalence (ages 15-49, %) |
|
77.4 |
1992/93. |
| Urban population in 2007 (%) |
|
67.1 |
|
| Urban population growth rate 2005-2010 (% per annum) |
|
0.3 |
|
| Rural population growth rate 2005-2010 (% per annum) |
|
–1.5 |
|
| International migrant stock (% of total population) |
|
3.7 |
|
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR |
|
9937 |
|
| Government education expenditure (% of GDP) |
|
5.5 |
|
| Primary-secondary gross enrolment ratio (women and men per 100) |
|
95.5/96.4 |
|
| Third-level students (women and men, % of total) |
|
58.5/41.5 |
|
| Newspaper circulation (per 1 000 inhabitants) |
|
217.0 |
|
| Intentional homicides (women and men, per 100 000) |
|
1.6/2.2 |
|
| Parliamentary seats (women and men, % of total) |
|
11.1/88.9 |
|
