| Economic indicators |
| Gross domestic product (GDP) (million current US$) |
2007 |
15179 |
|
| Gross domestic product (GDP) (million current US$) |
2005 |
10726 |
|
| Gross domestic product (GDP) (million current US$) |
2000 |
4975 |
|
| Growth rate of GDP at constant 1990 prices (% p.a.) |
2007 |
6.4 |
|
| Growth rate of GDP at constant 1990 prices (% p.a.) |
2005 |
5.8 |
|
| Growth rate of GDP at constant 1990 prices (% p.a.) |
2000 |
3.7 |
|
| GDP per capita (current US$) |
2007 |
646.5 |
|
| GDP per capita (current US$) |
2005 |
476.0 |
|
| GDP per capita (current US$) |
2000 |
246.9 |
|
| Gross national income (GNI) per capita (current US$) |
2007 |
634.9 |
|
| Gross national income (GNI) per capita (current US$) |
2005 |
467.7 |
|
| Gross national income (GNI) per capita (current US$) |
2000 |
239.6 |
|
| Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) |
2007 |
34.9 |
|
| Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) |
2005 |
29.0 |
|
| Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) |
2000 |
24.0 |
|
| Exchange rate (national currency per US$) |
2007 |
0.94 |
Principal rate. |
| Exchange rate (national currency per US$) |
2005 |
0.91 |
Principal rate. |
| Exchange rate (national currency per US$) |
2000 |
0.55 |
Principal rate. |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) |
2007 |
–2151 |
|
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) |
2005 |
–1105 |
|
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) |
2000 |
–387 |
|
| Consumer price index (2000=100) |
2007 |
332 |
Series linked to former series. |
| Consumer price index (2000=100) |
2005 |
251 |
|
| Consumer price index (2000=100) |
2000 |
100 |
|
| Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) |
2007 |
... |
|
| Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) |
2005 |
117 |
|
| Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) |
2000 |
99 |
|
| Food production index (1999-2001=100) |
2007 |
... |
|
| Food production index (1999-2001=100) |
2005 |
117 |
|
| Food production index (1999-2001=100) |
2000 |
99 |
|
| Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) |
2007 |
71.6 |
|
| Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) |
2005 |
72.0 |
|
| Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) |
2000 |
72.3 |
|
| Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) |
2007 |
73.3 |
|
| Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) |
2005 |
73.3 |
|
| Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) |
2000 |
76.3 |
|
| Tourist arrivals at national borders (000) |
2007 |
497 |
Includes nationals residing abroad. 2006. |
| Tourist arrivals at national borders (000) |
2005 |
429 |
Includes nationals residing abroad. |
| Tourist arrivals at national borders (000) |
2000 |
399 |
Includes nationals residing abroad. |
| Primary energy production (000 MT oil equivalent) |
2007 |
483 |
2006. |
| Primary energy production (000 MT oil equivalent) |
2005 |
484 |
|
| Primary energy production (000 MT oil equivalent) |
2000 |
568 |
|
| Total telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) |
2007 |
34.0 |
|
| Total telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) |
2005 |
14.5 |
|
| Total telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) |
2000 |
1.7 |
|
| Internet users (per 100 inhabitants) |
2007 |
2.8 |
|
| Internet users (per 100 inhabitants) |
2005 |
1.8 |
|
| Internet users (per 100 inhabitants) |
2000 |
0.2 |
|
| Exports (million US$) |
2007 |
4186.7 |
|
| Imports (million US$) |
2007 |
7206.7 |
|
| Major trading partners (% of exports) |
2007 |
South Africa (31.3), Netherlands (16.9), United St |
|
| Major trading partners (% of imports) |
2007 |
Germany (14.6), China (11.2), United States (7.7) |
|
| Social indicators |
| Population growth rate 2005-2010 (% per annum) |
|
2.0 |
|
| Population aged 0-14 years in 2008 (%) |
|
37.6 |
|
| Population aged 60+ years in 2008 (women and men, % of total) |
|
6.7/6.0 |
|
| Sex ratio in 2008 (men per 100 women) |
|
102.8 |
|
| Life expectancy at birth 2005-2010 (women and men, years) |
|
60.5/59.6 |
|
| Infant mortality rate 2005-2010 (per 1 000 live births) |
|
56.6 |
|
| Total fertility rate 2005-2010 (live births per woman) |
|
3.8 |
|
| Contraceptive prevalence (ages 15-49, %) |
|
16.7 |
|
| Urban population in 2007 (%) |
|
49.3 |
|
| Urban population growth rate 2005-2010 (% per annum) |
|
3.5 |
|
| Rural population growth rate 2005-2010 (% per annum) |
|
0.5 |
|
| International migrant stock (% of total population) |
|
7.6 |
|
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR |
|
35402 |
|
| Government education expenditure (% of GDP) |
|
5.4 |
|
| Primary-secondary gross enrolment ratio (women and men per 100) |
|
72.4/76.1 |
UNESCO estimate. |
| Third-level students (women and men, % of total) |
|
34.2/65.8 |
|
| Parliamentary seats (women and men, % of total) |
|
10.9/89.1 |
|
