| Economic indicators |
| Gross domestic product (GDP) (million current US$) |
2007 |
39551 |
|
| Gross domestic product (GDP) (million current US$) |
2005 |
27188 |
|
| Gross domestic product (GDP) (million current US$) |
2000 |
12600 |
|
| Growth rate of GDP at constant 1990 prices (% p.a.) |
2007 |
6.2 |
|
| Growth rate of GDP at constant 1990 prices (% p.a.) |
2005 |
6.3 |
|
| Growth rate of GDP at constant 1990 prices (% p.a.) |
2000 |
5.4 |
|
| GDP per capita (current US$) |
2007 |
5177.6 |
|
| GDP per capita (current US$) |
2005 |
3510.6 |
|
| GDP per capita (current US$) |
2000 |
1574.5 |
|
| Gross national income (GNI) per capita (current US$) |
2007 |
5213.6 |
|
| Gross national income (GNI) per capita (current US$) |
2005 |
3542.7 |
|
| Gross national income (GNI) per capita (current US$) |
2000 |
1534.7 |
|
| Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) |
2007 |
29.8 |
|
| Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) |
2005 |
24.2 |
|
| Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) |
2000 |
15.7 |
|
| Exchange rate (national currency per US$) |
2007 |
1.43 |
Market rate. |
| Exchange rate (national currency per US$) |
2005 |
1.57 |
Market rate. |
| Exchange rate (national currency per US$) |
2000 |
2.12 |
Market rate. |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) |
2007 |
–8592 |
|
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) |
2005 |
–3347 |
|
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) |
2000 |
–703 |
|
| Consumer price index (2000=100) |
2007 |
151 |
|
| Consumer price index (2000=100) |
2005 |
130 |
|
| Consumer price index (2000=100) |
2000 |
100 |
|
| Industrial production index (2000=100) |
2007 |
176 |
|
| Industrial production index (2000=100) |
2005 |
152 |
|
| Industrial production index (2000=100) |
2000 |
100 |
|
| Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) |
2007 |
... |
|
| Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) |
2005 |
97 |
|
| Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) |
2000 |
96 |
|
| Food production index (1999-2001=100) |
2007 |
... |
|
| Food production index (1999-2001=100) |
2005 |
95 |
|
| Food production index (1999-2001=100) |
2000 |
97 |
|
| Unemployment (% of labour force) |
2007 |
6.9 |
|
| Unemployment (% of labour force) |
2005 |
10.1 |
|
| Unemployment (% of labour force) |
2000 |
16.3 |
June. |
| Employment in industrial sector (% of employed) |
2007 |
35.5 |
|
| Employment in industrial sector (% of employed) |
2005 |
34.2 |
|
| Employment in industrial sector (% of employed) |
2000 |
28.3 |
Age group not specified. |
| Employment in agricultural sector (% of employed) |
2007 |
7.5 |
|
| Employment in agricultural sector (% of employed) |
2005 |
8.9 |
|
| Employment in agricultural sector (% of employed) |
2000 |
26.2 |
Age group not specified. |
| Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) |
2007 |
45.5 |
|
| Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) |
2005 |
44.9 |
|
| Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) |
2000 |
42.6 |
|
| Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) |
2007 |
56.5 |
|
| Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) |
2005 |
56.5 |
|
| Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) |
2000 |
52.6 |
|
| Tourist arrivals at national borders (000) |
2007 |
5151 |
|
| Tourist arrivals at national borders (000) |
2005 |
4837 |
|
| Tourist arrivals at national borders (000) |
2000 |
2785 |
|
| Primary energy production (000 MT oil equivalent) |
2007 |
6745 |
2006. |
| Primary energy production (000 MT oil equivalent) |
2005 |
6523 |
|
| Primary energy production (000 MT oil equivalent) |
2000 |
6269 |
|
| Total telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) |
2007 |
159.7 |
|
| Total telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) |
2005 |
113.1 |
|
| Total telephone subscribers (per 100 inhabitants) |
2000 |
44.4 |
|
| Internet users (per 100 inhabitants) |
2007 |
24.9 |
|
| Internet users (per 100 inhabitants) |
2005 |
20.6 |
|
| Internet users (per 100 inhabitants) |
2000 |
5.3 |
|
| Exports (million US$) |
2007 |
18576.1 |
|
| Imports (million US$) |
2007 |
30085.8 |
|
| Major trading partners (% of exports) |
2007 |
Turkey (11.4), Italy (10.3), Germany (10.3) |
|
| Major trading partners (% of imports) |
2007 |
Russian Federation (12.5), Germany (12.3), Italy ( |
|
| Social indicators |
| Population growth rate 2005-2010 (% per annum) |
|
–0.7 |
|
| Population aged 0-14 years in 2008 (%) |
|
12.9 |
|
| Population aged 60+ years in 2008 (women and men, % of total) |
|
29.9/22.9 |
|
| Sex ratio in 2008 (men per 100 women) |
|
93.8 |
|
| Life expectancy at birth 2005-2010 (women and men, years) |
|
76.7/69.5 |
|
| Infant mortality rate 2005-2010 (per 1 000 live births) |
|
11.8 |
|
| Total fertility rate 2005-2010 (live births per woman) |
|
1.3 |
|
| Contraceptive prevalence (ages 15-49, %) |
|
41.5 |
Age group 18 to 45 years. 1997. |
| Urban population in 2007 (%) |
|
70.8 |
|
| Urban population growth rate 2005-2010 (% per annum) |
|
–0.3 |
|
| Rural population growth rate 2005-2010 (% per annum) |
|
–1.7 |
|
| International migrant stock (% of total population) |
|
1.4 |
|
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR |
|
5848 |
|
| Government education expenditure (% of GDP) |
|
4.5 |
|
| Primary-secondary gross enrolment ratio (women and men per 100) |
|
102.7/105.9 |
|
| Third-level students (women and men, % of total) |
|
53.5/46.5 |
|
| Newspaper circulation (per 1 000 inhabitants) |
|
79.0 |
|
| Intentional homicides (women and men, per 100 000) |
|
1.3/4.5 |
|
| Parliamentary seats (women and men, % of total) |
|
21.7/78.3 |
|
